• Economic Development of China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• Economy of the People's Republic of China I , George Washington University
  Analysis of organization, operation, policies, and problems of the Chinese economy since 1949.
  www.gwu.edu/~eastasia/courses/grd_desc.htm - August 12, 2004

• Economy of the People's Republic of China II , George Washington University
  Continuation of prerequisite course "Economy of the People's Republic of China II." Examining critical problems of economic development in China. Includes a research seminar.
  www.gwu.edu/~eastasia/courses/grd_desc.htm - August 12, 2004

• Foreign Trade and Investment in China , Xiao, Geng
  This course examines the reform and growth of China's foreign trade and investment sector and their implications for domestic economic reform and growth as well as for regional and global economic dynamics. Basic economic principles are used to explain the structural, institutional, and policy dimensions of China's integration into the global economy. Institutional economics are used to examine the legal, financial and regulatory risk of investing in China. The aim is to help students of diverse backgrounds to develop systematic frameworks and ways of thinking for assessing the constant changes in China's external sector and their consequences for local and global economies. Major topics include: 1. China in the world economy: a historical perspective 2. China's domestic economic problems 3. Reform and growth of China's foreign trade and investment 4. Impact of China's opening on the global economy 5. Legal, financial and regulatory risk of investing in China 6. Next stage of China's institutional reform
  www.econ.hku.hk/outline2003-04/econ0602.pdf - August 6, 2004

• Graduate Seminar: Political Economy of Reform in China , Stanford University
  The content, process, and problems of China's post-Mao reforms comprise this class, taught by Professor Jean Oi. Changes in property rights, markets, credit, and the role of the state in economic development are explored. Further, the course encourages comparative insights about reform in the Chinese communist system that distinguish it from the experience of regimes in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
  aparc.stanford.edu/courses/676/ - September 21, 2004

• Introduction to the Economy of the People's Republic of China , George Washington University
  Background, organization, and operation ofÊChina's economy. Appraisal of performance and analysis of problems of development.
  www.gwu.edu/~eastasia/courses/ug_desc.htm - August 12, 2004

• Political Economy of Reform in China , Stanford University
  This graduate course covers changes in property rights, markets, credit, and the role of the state in economic development. Comparative rights about reform in the Chinese communist system that distinguishes it from the experience of regimes in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Readings in Chinese and English. Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of the government and politics of post-1949 China.
  aparc.stanford.edu/courses/759/ - September 21, 2004

• The Economic System of Hong Kong , Luk, Y.F.
  This course aims to provide a basic but comprehensive understanding of the salient aspects of the Hong Kong economy. The emphasis will be on both economic analysis and institutional arrangements of the major economic sectors and related policies. More attention will be given to topics of recent public concern. After some preliminary discussion on national income accounting and historical development, the course will go on to the following topics: the monetary system and exchange rate regime, financial markets and institutions, public finance and fiscal policy, external trade and foreign investment, economic relations with the Mainland, the labour market, employment and income distribution, the property market and housing policy, regulation of public utilities and competition policy, industrial development and policy, etc. These are all important areas of study about the Hong Kong economy, but the extent of coverage of each will have to depend on the amount of time available. Some topics may even be skipped under the time constraint.
  www.econ.hku.hk/outline2003-04/econ0603s2.pdf - August 6, 2004

• A Basic Analysis on the Poverty Problem in China , Kiminami, Lily Y.
  This paper discusses the poverty problem in China in terms of recognition of the poverty situation, cause of poverty and counter-poverty policies. As for recognitionof the poverty situation, concepts of poverty and its various estimatingmethods are surveyed, and related opinions are summarized. In terms of causes of poverty, statistical and empirical analyses are conducted for rural and urban areas, respectively, causes of poverty are specified, and necessary counter-poverty measures for such areas are discussed. As for counter-poverty measures, the historical evolution, relation with various systems, and differences between urban and rural areas, etc., are taken into consideration, and the actual situation of counter-poverty measures is shown. Based on the above analysis, problems in the current counter-poverty measures are pointed out, and a future research agenda on poverty is suggested.
  www.fasid.or.jp/english/publication/occasional/poverty.html - November 16, 2004

• Abnett, William , The National Bureau of Asian Research
  William B. Abnett, Senior Advisor to The National Bureau of Asian Research, has over 20 years of public and private sector experience in the field of U.S.-China business, economic, and political relations. Mr. Abnett worked in the Reagan White House, where he served as Director for Chinese Affairs in the Office of the United States Trade Representative and was responsible for developing and coordinating the Administration's trade policy toward the PRC.
  www.nbr.org/staff/abnett.html - October 25, 2004

• Advancing Intellectual Property Rights: Information Technologies and The Course of Economic Development in China , Oksenberg, Michel; Potter, Pitman B.; and Abnett, William B.
  The contributors to this issue of the "NBR Analysis" suggest an alternative, cooperative approach to effecting change in China's Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) regime. The authors, Michel Oksenberg of Stanford University, Pitman B. Potter of the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law, and William B. Abnett, chief China trade negotiator in the Reagan Administration, assess the conditions that help to nurture respect for intellectual property in China as well as the obstacles to effective IPR protection, and recommend that American corporate executives and policymakers cooperate with Chinese leaders to assist them in developing China's nascent IPR regime. Many Chinese leaders, particularly at the national level, are beginning to understand the need to protect intellectual property rights in order to integrate China into the international economy. Supporters of IPR within the leadership are buttressed by a developing domestic coalition that will have a vital stake in the enforcement of intellectual property rights.
  www.nbr.org/publications/analysis/vol7no4/v7n4.pdf - January 1, 1996

• Behind the Open Door: Foreign Enterprises in the Chinese Marketplace , Rosen, Daniel
  This study describes the experiences of foreign-invested firms in the mainland Chinese economy and discusses the implications of those experiences for the foreign commercial policies of the industrial countries, including the United States. It draws on extensive interviews with expatriate managers and other professionals currently at work in China. Whereas recent books on Chinese marketplace conditions focus on a single firm or issue or lack a discussion of policy conclusions (because they are prepared for a commercial audience), this study is distinguished by the breadth of industry interviews and its concern for policy implications. Rosen makes a rare attempt to deduce the policy implications of current experiences of foreign firms in China, presenting conclusions that go beyond those found in today’s usual policy debate. Behind the Open Door is a must for China specialists and should be read by anyone with general or business interests in China or the Asia-Pacific region. The book is an ideal text for MBA programs that focus on the region, and for political science and Asian studies courses on China.
  bookstore.iie.com/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=23 - March 24, 2005

• Changing the Rules of the Game: Macroeconomic Recontrol and the Struggle for Wealth and Power , Naughton, Barry
  The intensification of China's effort since April 2004 to reassert macroeconomic control has triggered a scramble for money and resources, as businesses and local governments faced an abrupt and unanticipated change in the overall economic climate. The scramble for resources has contributed to strains among regions and within the top leadership. It has also touched off conflicts among different business sectors—including state and private—as they maneuver to avoid the worst effects of reasserted macroeconomic control. The ultimate impact of the current imposition of macroeconomic control is still highly uncertain, and new consequences continue to ripple outward from this policy choice. The Fourth Plenum of the 16th Central Committee, scheduled for mid-September 2004, will bring these issues to a head, as the economic and political implications of macroeconomic recontrol become apparent and are worked through.
  www.chinaleadershipmonitor.org/20044/bn.pdf - September 1, 2004

• China and the WTO: the theory and practice of complicance , Gerald Chan
  This item requires a subscription to International Relations of the Asia-Pacific Online. Since China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in December 2001, attention has turned to the issue of whether or not China is a responsible member of the organization and how compliant China is with WTO rules. This article discusses the difficulties faced by China, as a responsible rising power, in trying to adjust itself to global trading norms. It examines the theory of compliance in international relations from the perspectives of neo-realism, liberal institutionalism and social constructivism, and then tests these perspectives by examining the mechanisms used to gauge China's compliance, both bilaterally by the United States and multilaterally through the Dispute Settlement Mechanism and the Transition Review Mechanism of the WTO. The result is mixed: different opinions exist as to how compliant China has been but, on the whole, most monitors agree that China has tried hard to comply with WTO requirements in various areas, though much remains to be done. The most severe tests will come in the next few years when China's financial and service sectors will have to face fundamental changes to the way they operate.
  irap.oupjournals.org/cgi/reprint/4/1/47 - February 1, 2004

• China Enters WTO , Yamazawa, Ippei; Imai, Ken-ichi, ed.
  On the eve of China’s accession to the WTO, experts on China and the international economy from Japan, China, Taiwan, Thailand, and the U.S. present in-depth analysis of the impacts of the accession on China itself and on the economies that surround the country.
  www.ide.go.jp/English/Publish/Books/Sympro/021.html - November 16, 2004

• China in the World Economy , Lardy, Nicholas R.; Daniel Rosen, H.
  China is playing a growing role in the world economy. It is one of the world\'s fastest growing countries and is the tenth largest exporter. China is also a significant recipient of foreign aid and a major borrower on international capital markets. Even more significantly, it is attracting vast amounts of foreign direct investment—over $11 billion in 1992 alone. This study examines the implications of China\'s emergence as a major player in the world economy. Its integration into the international economic order poses major difficulties for the rest of the world. These problems include bringing China\'s mixed market/centrally planned economy into the GATT, adapting to competition from labor-intensive Chinese exports, encouraging further market-oriented reform, and accommodating its demand for international capital. But China\'s participation in the global economy also offers important opportunities for trade, investment, and international cooperation to promote world prosperity and stability. Dr. Lardy anticipates that China will continue on a rapid growth path, thus magnifying the policy challenges and opportunities for its trading partners. He recommends a series of steps to facilitate China\'s full participation in the world economy.
  bookstore.iie.com/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=24 - March 24, 2005

• China on the Threshold of a Market Economy , Saich, Tony
  This essay examines China's progress in economic growth and the future challenges regarding further economic and political transition in the 21st century.
  www.ksg.harvard.edu/cbg/research/a.saich_cbg_china.threshold.pdf - March 1, 2001

• China Standard Time: A Study in Strategic Industrial Policy , Linden, Greg
  China’s industrial policy for high-technology industries combines key features of the policies pursued elsewhere in East Asia such as opening to foreign investors and supporting domestic firms. Leveraging its large market size, China has gone further than other developing countries by promoting standards for products that compete in China with products controlled by major electronics companies. This paper analyzes the experience to date of this Chinese policy in the consumer optical storage industry in the context of China’s evolving national innovation system. China’s standard-setting policy is politicized but ultimately pragmatic, which avoids imposing excessive costs on the economy. It may also have dynamic learning benefits for Chinese firms who are starting to compete in global markets.**It is possible that you may be restricted from viewing this article if you are not connecting from an institution that has site license to this publication.
  www.bepress.com/bap/vol6/iss3/art4/ - January 1, 2004

• China's Changing Role in the Global Economy , Bottelier
  Reviews the dramatic changes in international trade and investment patterns unfolding in Asia and the world as a result of China's rapid growth and opening up. Analyzes changing bilateral economic relations between China and the United States, the EU, Japan, Russia, Taiwan and other Asian countries, as well as implications of proposed regional trade agreements. Includes discussion of China's exchange-rate policy, its compliance with World Trade Organization principles and accession terms, its role as a manufacturing hub for other nations, its participation in international capital markets, its policies to attract inward and promote outward foreign direct investment and its membership in multilateral agencies such as WTO, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Discusses implications for China and the international commodity markets of China's growing import dependency for oil, gas and other key commodities. Reviews the likely distribution of costs and benefits among various countries as a result of China's integration into the global economy.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/china/chinacourses.html#Anchor8 - January 4, 2005

• China's Economic Reforms Since 1978: Domestic and International Challenges Ahead , Bottelier, Pieter P.
  The course reviews China's economic reforms in a national and international context, making comparisons with other transitional economies; analyzes the sources of China's rapid economic growth; assesses development prospects; and identifies critical reform challenges.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/china/chinacourses.html - September 20, 2004

• China's Economic System and Reforms , Keidel, Albert
  The cource covers China's modern economic system and reforms, with an emphasis on the system and reforms emerged since 1978. In addition to presenting the principal events, statistical trends, policies and controversies, the course links China's experience to basic principles of Economic development.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/asiaoverview/readinglists/chinareadinglists/ChinaEconomicSystemsandReformsKeidel.pdf - September 20, 2004

• China's Income Distribution over Time: Reasons for Rising Inequality , Perloff, Jeffrey M. and Wu, Ximing
  From the author\\\'s abstract: \\\"We use a new method to estimate China’s income distributions using publicly available interval summary statistics from China’s largest national household survey. We examine rural, urban, and overall income distributions for each year from 1985-2001. By estimating the entire distributions, we can show how the distributions change directly as well as examine trends in traditional welfare indices such as the Gini. We find that inequality has increased substantially in both rural and urban areas. Using an inter-temporal decomposition of aggregate inequality, we determine that increases in inequality within the rural and urban sectors and the growing gap in rural and urban incomes have been equally responsible for the growth in overall inequality over the last two decades. However, the rural-urban income gap has played an increasingly important role in recent years. In contrast, only the growth of inequality within rural and urban areas is responsible for the increase in inequality in the United States, where the overall inequality is close to that of China. We also show that urban consumption inequality (which may be a better indicator of economic well-being than income inequality) rose considerably.\\\"
  repositories.cdlib.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066&context=are_ucb - March 21, 2005

• China's New Market Economy , Brown, William B.
  The course looks at theoretical issues that remain to be solved before China's transition to market economy can be considered complete, along with practical issues related to doing business in a country in the midst of major change.
  icp.gmu.edu/course/syllabi/00fa/701-009.htm - September 21, 2004

• Chinese Business Enterprise in a Global Context , University of Pennsylvania
  The intent of this course is to help students to gain a better understanding of the Chinese business enterprise worldwide. Our consideration of Chinese business will extend an analysis of its cultural, historical and philosophical roots to look at the actual structure, strategies, and practices of Chinese enterprises. Through this analysis of the specificities of Chinese business, the course aims to move from a comparative to an integrative perspective which considers the Chinese business as a basis for rethinking the structure and possibilities of enterprise in the new global economy. Articles, cases, in-class reports and other readings.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Chinese Econ-Transition , Duke University
  This course studies the evolution of the Chinese economy since 1949. Exposition of alternative economic systems, the commune, incentive problems, and state enterprises. Analysis of recent reforms and their effects on economic efficiency: agricultural growth, changes in ownership structures, financial markets, reforms and inflation, privatization, gradualism, and shock treatment. Through a research project students develop expertise in one aspect of the Chinese economy. Prerequisite: Economics 1 or 51, and 2 or 52. Instructor: Yang
  www.aas.duke.edu/reg/synopsis/view.cgi?s=01&action=display&subj=ECON&course=142S&sem=0820 - August 22, 2004

• Chinese Economic Development , University of Alberta
  No course description at this site.
  www.arts.ualberta.ca/~eastasia/course_offerings.htm - September 22, 2004

• Chu, Tianshu , East-West Center
  Dr. Chu\'s previous affiliation was visiting assistant lecturer, Department of Economics, Indiana University and Purdue University Indianapolis, 1999-2000. Dr. Chu\'s publications include her doctoral dissertation: \"Import Substitution and Export Promotion: In Search of a Theory of Economic Development.\" Current research Projects include: China\'s new economy; poverty alleviation, rural development, and trade; the future of tourism in Asia and the Pacific Islands.
  www.eastwestcenter.org/about-dy-detail.asp?staff_ID=350 - October 28, 2004

• Commerce And Culture: A Reader on Japan , Indiana University
  A report produced in conjunction with the second conference in the Culture & Commerce in Asia series sponsored by the East Asian Studies Center and the Global Center for International Business (GCIB) at Indiana University.
  www.indiana.edu/%7Eeasc/resources/commerce_culture/index.htm - January 27, 2005

• Consuming Literature , Kong, Shuyu
  This book examines the changes taking place in literary writing and publishing in contemporary China under the influence of the emerging market economy. It focuses on the revival of literary best sellers in the Chinese book market and the establishment of a best-seller production machine.
  www.sup.org/cgi-bin/search/book_desc.cgi?book_id=4939%204940 - February 22, 2005

• Contemprorary Chinese Development , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  Note: In order to access the course description, select the course from the list. This course traces the development of political and economic institutions in China since 1949, and gives special emphasis to features since the rise of Deng Xiaoping in 1978. It begins with an examination of Chinese historical events following the Communist victory, and considers the policies and legacies of Mao Zedong. It then examines issues of reform in the areas of industry, education, the environment, the military, and foreign policy. The course concludes with a focus on China's "renegade province", Taiwan, to see an alternative development model for the Chinese people.
  www.hawaii.edu/shaps/asia/courses_next_sem.html - January 13, 2005

• Dealing with the Bad Loans of the Chinese Banks , Bonin, John and Huang, Yiping
  This discussion paper was authored by John Bonin, Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Wesleyan University and Yiping Huang, Fellow, Economics Division, Asia Pacific School of Economics and Management, The Australian National University. The paper discusses the fragile state of China\'s banking sector and the Chinese government\'s introduction of a set of reform measures meant to reduce financial risks and build a strong banking system. The authors also make recommendations for modifying the current proposals drawing from experiences and lessons learned from the Resolution Trust Corporation in the United States and bank restructuring in Central European transition economies.
  www.columbia.edu/cu/business/apec/publications/boninhuang.pdf - July 1, 2000

• Economic and Social History , University of British Columbia
  Economic and Social History of Modern China. Changes and continuities in Chinese society and culture from the late Imperial Period to the present; rural and urban life, social stratification, social movements and ideology, family and community, poplur beliefs and cultural values.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• Economic Development of China , Xiao, Geng
  This course provides an analytical study of economic development and reform in China since 1949. Applying basic economic principles, including economics of institutions, it introduces first China's experiments of socialist economic development and central planning during 1949-1978 and then examines China's economic opening and market-oriented reforms since 1978.
  www.econ.hku.hk/outline2003-04/econ0601s2.pdf - August 6, 2004

• Economic Development of China , University of Pittsburgh
  China's large and dynamic economy has enjoyed two decades of spectacular and unexpected growth. China's recent economic experience raises central questions about the outcome of socialism, the transition from plan to market, the nature of market systems, and the future impact of China and other Asian nations on the world economy. This course engages these issues by examining the development of China's economy since 1800, with particular emphasis on studying China's experience under different forms of economic organization: market economy, central planning, reformed system combining plan and market, and on comparing China's development with the achievements of other nations.
  www.pitt.edu/~caswww/cdesc/ds043051/econ.htm#1630Economic%20Development%20of%20China - January 16, 2004

• Economic Estimate of the Impact of WTO Accession by Taiwan , Mastel, Greg
  For this study, an attempt was made to measure the potential increase in imports in each of the aforementioned industrial and agricultural sectors40. This exercise required data for the top-7 imports for each sector in 1998; tariff rates at accession and the liberalization timetable; the incorporation of non-tariff measures; and own-price elasticities for each product. Assumptions about endogenous import demand during the phase-in period were also required.
  ekm92.trade.gov.tw/BOFT/web/report_detail.jsp?data_base_id=DB010&category_id=CAT434&report_id=260 - December 2, 2004

• Economic History of China , Leung, Patrick
  This course will discuss an overview of China's economic historical development, economic revolution in the Song/Yuan era, China and Europe compared in the early modern period - in the rise of capitalism - in ecological constraints and sustained industrial growth, China's role in global trade and the flow of silver and gold 1400-1800: Ming/Qing China's fiscal crises, and finally the modern era and the future.
  www.econ.hku.hk/outline2003-04/econ0605.pdf - August 6, 2004

• Economic History of Premodern China , Deng, Kent
  China has the longest continually recorded history in the premodern world. For economic historians, it makes sense to begin with the formation of China’s national economy in the wake of China’s unification in 221 BC under the Qin. The year 1800 AD coincides with the beginning of the end for China’s premodern era, which was hastened by the First Opium War (1839–42). Hence, the time span of this article is two millennia.
  eh.net/encyclopedia/?article=deng.china - March 3, 2005

• Economic Organization and Development of China , Columbia University
  An analytical survey of the economic organization of China, with reference to population and land resources, agricultural industries, transportation, trade, and finance. The social and cultural forces affecting the economic development of the country.
  www.sipa.columbia.edu/CourseDescriptions/index.html - September 23, 2004

• Economies of China and Vietnam: Transition , University of Cincinnati
  A detailed analysis of the economic reforms that occurred in China and Vietnam which led to the adoption of market systems. Theories of economic transition are used for the basis of the analysis, focusing on the institutions necessary to operate a market system which are absent in a planned economy. The structure of and current problems in these economies will also be discussed.
  asweb.artsci.uc.edu/economics/undergrad/ugcourses.html#500 - January 19, 2005

• Economy Of China , Reynolds, Bruce
  The course reviews China's economic growth since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and in particular since the move toward the use of market mechanisms in 1978. The theme of the course is that for China, changing economic institutions partly explain growth performance in these years.
  etg08.itc.virginia.edu/cod.pages/20043/ASF/ECON.html - August 26, 2004

• Foreign Direct Investment in China: Effects on Growth and Economic Performance , Graham, Edward M. & Wada, Erika
  In this article, the authors account for one of the major economic success stories of the past 10 years, foreign direct investment (FDI) in China.
  www.iie.com/publications/wp/2001/01-3.pdf - April 1, 2001

• Investments in Human Capital and Their Impacts on Regional Disparities in China , Du, Yang and Wang, Meiyan
  Using statisical analysis and empirical data, these researchers from China\'s Academy of Social Sciences assess the effects of health, education and fertility onÊregional disparities in growth and human capital development. They apply this analysis in providing recommendations for relating human capital development to economic growth in China. Simplified Chinese text software will facilitate reading this report, as some of the authors\' supporting data is provided only in simplified Chinese.
  www.cass.net.cn/chinese/s06_rks/chrrsite/paper/working%20paper%2017.PDF - March 23, 2005

• Keidel, Bert , Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
  Bert Keidel joined the Carnegie Endowment in September 2004, after serving as deputy director for the Office of East Asian Nations at the U.S. Department of the Treasury. His work at the Endowment focuses on issues relating to China's economic system reforms, macroeconomy, regional development, and poverty reduction strategy.
  www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=230 - October 21, 2004

• Lardy, Nicholas R. , Lardy, Nicholas R.
  Dr. Nicholas R. Lardy, senior fellow at the Institute for International Economics, was a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution from 1995 to 2003 and also served as interim director of Foreign Policy Studies in 2001. His areas of expertise include Asia, in particular China, and economics of transition. He has written numerous articles and books on the Chinese economy. His current major project analyzes the strategic implications of deepening China-Taiwan economic relations.
  www.iie.com/publications/author_bio.cfm?author_id=24 - October 22, 2004

• Law and Economic Reform in Contemprorary China , University of Pennsylvania
  For nearly a quarter-century, China has been engaged in a sweeping, if fitful, process of market-oriented economic reforms that have made the Chinese economy one of the largest and fastest growing in the world. From the beginning of this period, legal reforms have been high on the political agenda and have played a central role in these economic developments. After a brief survey of classical and other pre-1949 Chinese thought on law and the economy, major Western theories of law and economic development and regulation, and pre-1978 economic law and regulation in the People\'s Republic, the course examines in greater depth selected topics in reform-era economic law, such as: contract law, management reforms, taxation and financial reforms, bankruptcy and ownership reform, company law, \"economic crime\" and corruption, administrative law constraints on economic regulation, institutions of economic legislation, and the special regimes for foreign trade and investment (and related issues of international law and U.S. foreign relations law).
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Measuring Costs of Protection in China , Yansheng, Zhang; Zhongxin, Wan; Shuguang, Zhang
  China was steeped in the concepts and ideology of a planned economy for 30 years until reforms began in 1978. Although the country is now well on its way to becoming a market economy, its trading system remains shackled by its centrally planned past. Measuring the Costs of Protection in China analyzes some of the costs of trade protection and the corresponding benefits of liberalization for 25 highly protected sectors in China. The book begins with a description of the development of China\\\'s trade administration system, sketching the obstacles to and prospects for further liberalization. The authors analyze the structure of Chinese trade protection and present their estimates of its static costs. They then offer an in-depth analysis of the country\\\'s trade regime and of the administrative barriers to rationalization and liberalization.The final chapter presents the authors\\\' recommendations for improving China\\\'s trade system. They conclude that the short-term costs of trade liberalization for goods examined in the study will be substantial in terms of lost domestic output and lost jobs. The long-term benefits, however, would provide some $35 billion worth of consumer benefits. Five appendices provide greater technical detail on the modeling and methodology applied in this study, as well as a brief description of some peculiarities of the Chinese trade regime-including copious levels of smuggling and monopolistic market structures.The study was conducted by a team of Chinese economists at the independent Unirule Institute in Beijing, whose president is the prominent reformer, Mao Yushi. It is part of the Institute\\\'s series on the costs of protection in several major countries, which has previously produced publications on the United States, Japan, and Korea.
  bookstore.iie.com/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=31 - March 24, 2005

• On the Chinese State-Owned Enterprises' Reform in the Post-Communism Perspective , Yu, Ren-Shou
  This is a Master's thesis in interdisciplinary studies examining the Chinese state-owned enterprises\' reform in the post-communism perspective.
  etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0512100-121803 - June 30, 1999

• Park, Albert , Center for Chinese Studies
  Professor Park completed his doctorate in Economics at Stanford University in 1996 and joined the faculty of the University of Michigan in 1997. His research interests are in economic development, comparative institutions, and applied microeconomics. Much of his research focuses on the Chinese economy, including current survey projects on rural poverty, rural education, and urban labor markets. He also has affiliations with the UM Population Studies Center and the William Davidson Institute.
  141.211.136.209/ccs/FacultyListDetail.asp?ID=33 - October 29, 2004

• Political Economy of Chinese Reform , Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  This course focuses on China's transition from plan to market. What has the trajectory of institutional change in China been, and how has growth been achieved? Is that growth sustainable? Subject examines specific aspects of reform (enterprise, fiscal, financial, social welfare), and the systemic consequences of interaction between various reform measures. Additional topics include the interaction between political and economic change, the transformation of state-society relations, and the generalizability of China's reform experience. Graduate students are expected to explore the subject in greater depth.
  ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Political-Science/17-552Political-Economy-of-Chinese-ReformSpring2003/CourseHome/index.htm - September 19, 2004

• Rawski, Thomas , University of Pittsburgh
  Professor of Economics and History, Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh His research focuses on the nature and implications of recent developments and long term changes in the economy of China.
  www.pitt.edu/~tgrawski/tgrawski.htm - November 8, 2004

• Rural Urban Income Gap and Critical Point of Institutional Change , Cai, Fang
  From the author\'s abstract: \"By employing an analytical framework based on institutional economics, this paper intends to investigate the rural urban income gap and its critical points for change. The level of rural urban income gap in 1978 broke the institutional equilibrium on which the traditional rural urban relationship relied, leading to overall reform in rural China. In the post-reform period, utilizing their superior influence on policy-making, urban residents have so far succeeded in maintaining urban biased government policies, deterring rural labor from migrating to cities permanently. The urban residents’ major lobbying mechanism is through their “vote” and “voice”, something in which their rural counterparts are lacking. However, farmers have a way to “get around” the urban biased policies which are unfavorable to them. This “voting with their feet” eventually will drive the policy change. When the rural urban income gap increases to the level of 1978, a critical point for institutional change will have been reached. The timing and conditions will be ripe for reform of the whole policy package on which the present rural urban divide has been built.\"
  www.cass.net.cn/chinese/s06_rks/37wp.pdf - March 23, 2005

• Society & Economy in China A: Historical Development , The Australian national University
  This course starts by looking in a non-technical way at conceptions of what is meant by the term ÒeconomyÓ. It studies how ÒeconomicÓ analysis has been incorporated into the models of society developed by some major social theorists. Then it moves on to examine ways in which these ideas have been taken up and used by historians examining the evidence about Chinese society. It looks closely at some debates about the nature of long-term developments in the economic dimensions of Chinese society down to the early modern period. It presents ways in which ideas derived from economic thinking have been used to analyse more general topics in the history of Chinese society, such as its regional and spatial organisation. Lastly, it looks at the arguments about the condition of the Chinese economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. What were the effects of imperialist pressure and the imposition of an open trading regime?
  info.anu.edu.au/StudyAt/_Asian_Studies/Postgraduate/Courses/_ASIA6018.asp - August 9, 2004

• Sociological Dimensions of China's Economic Transition: Organization, Stratification, and Social Mobility , Walder, Andrew
  Despite skepticism about official economic statistics, there is little doubt that China since 1978 has undergone an economic transformation of historic proportions. This outcome stands in stark opposition to arguments that were once widely accepted in several scholarly communities, and which are still highly influential even today. In the early 1980s there was wide agreement that "partial" reform, under a single party dictatorship that sought indefinitely to preserve public ownership, was a recipe for failure. China specialists, students of comparative economic systems, and economists who advised governments and international agencies about postcommunist restructuring in Eurasia were initially in broad agreement on this point. Faced with the reality of two decades of rapid economic development, critical arguments about China have begun to shift. Some changed their position, and now suggest that the kind of growth one observes in China is somehow unhealthy a "hyper-growth" that is unbal-anced, destabilizing, and exploitative, certain to give rise to increasing levels of inequality, massive social disruption, and imminent political instability. Others argue that China's path is not sustainable that the policies and practices of the first decades will soon outlive their usefulness and lead to economic stagnation. A third group posits that while China may have achieved some success in the early years, the recent trend toward privatization and restructur-ing finally vindicates the original arguments of those who urged a rapid movement to private ownership and a radically diminished role of the party-state in economic management. There may be some merit in each of these arguments (though I am least sympathetic to the third). However, they all avoid the question of why such sustained and rapid growth occurred in the interim despite widespread agreement that the Chinese Communist Party was going about it all wrong. Economic growth of such historic magnitude should not be taken for granted, even if analysts correctly point out the ways in which China's political and economic institutions remain flawed and limited. The continuing critical commentaryreflects an unspoken consensus that reform and economic development are essentially about institutional design. But this reveals a large gap in thinking about economic reform. Identify-ing better institutions is only the first step. The hard part is figuring out how to move from the admittedly flawed institutions of central planning to more serviceable onesÑand whether or not severe hardship will accompany the process. Thinking about economic reform has always contained strong but largely unexamined assumptions about the structure of the polity, economy, and society in which it takes place, especially about the capabilities and interests of political elites. Many of these assumptions have proven poor guides to the past twenty years of Chinese economic history. My purpose in this paper is to identify the assumptions that have fallen by the wayside, and to show how this has helped China to escape some of the negative consequences predicted for its approach to economic reform.
  iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/20208/Walder_Sociological.pdf - April 1, 2003

• SOE Reform: the road ahead , Zhang, Shuying
  China's Banking sector is known to harbor an enormous amount of bad debt, that makes China's financial system extremely fragile. The SOEs' low efficiency is considered as one of the most fundamental causes of this problem. After the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 China has increased the pace of the SEO reform. After three years since start of the campaign aiming to make the most loss-making SOEs profitable, SOEs' profitability improved in 2000. It indicates a limited success of the campaign. As a consequence, the share of stated-owned sector in the country's economy is shrinking, while the non-state sector is expanding rapidly. Despite these developments, though, Chinese SOEs still face enormous challenges. This article seeks to present a broad review of issues faced by the SOE reform, and to offer several measures to tackle them.
  www.cass.net.cn/chinese/s30_rbs/english/publication/zhangsy-e2.htm - November 9, 2004

• South China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong: Emerging Colossus , Columbia University
  This course provides an understanding of the current and historical development of the southern Chinese region, including the extraordinary economic growth of the past two decades and the associated economic relations between South China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. The course focuses on political, economic, and social developments beginning in the late 1970s and the 1980s with the institution of Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms in the PRC, the process of democratization in Taiwan, and Sino-British agreement on the 1997 reversion of sovereignty over Hong Kong.
  www.sipa.columbia.edu/CourseDescriptions/index.html - August 30, 2004

• The Cause and Cure of China's Widening Income Disparity , Chang, Gene H.
  In this article, Zhang uses an in-depth analysis of the Gini coefficient to determine the true cause of theÊsevere income disparity between rural and urban Chinese. While he admits that this problem is a serious one that cannot be easily resolved, he implies that in the long-run, China may be better off not addressing the sources of poverty directly, such a the huge labor surplus in agricultural areas. Instead, China needs to continue development of its urban areas, including job creation and urbanization, and prepare not to fight poverty but to provide welfare to those who are already suffering from this disparity.
  www.utoledo.edu/~gchang/publication/ChinaIncomeGap.pdf - March 21, 2005

• The Chinese Economy , Xiao, Geng
  This course reviews the economic transformation of the People's Republic of China and its implications. China's experiences are subjected to theoretical and empirical analysis of modern economics. The course covers structural and institutional changes as well as current debates on reform and policy. Topics include history, geography, population, rural reform, industrialization, urbanization, enterprise reform, foreign trade and investment, financial system, and regional development. The objective is to gain understanding on the working of the Chinese economy and its relations with the global economy. The course provides opportunities for students to apply economic theories to real world problems.
  www.econ.hku.hk/outline2003-04/econ6031s2.pdf - August 6, 2004

• The Chinese Economy , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• The Economic History of Taiwan , Olds, Kelly
  The article is a very good introduction to history of Taiwan\'s developmentÊfrom the aboriginal times to the nationalist rule.
  eh.net/encyclopedia/?article=mosk.japan.final - March 7, 2005

• The Effect on the Financial Market Development from the Perspective of the Mainland China's State-owned Propoerty Rights , Lin, I-Chuan
  This is a Master's thesis, written in traditional Chinese, studying the effect on the financial market development from the perspective of the Mainland China's state-owned property rights.
  etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0510100-131545 - May 10, 2000

• The FDI Paradox: China's Socialist Market Economy and the "Develop the West" Campaign , Saalman, Lora
  "The FDI Paradox: China's Socialist Market Economy and the "Develop the West" Campaign." Authored by Lora Saalman, May 23, 2004. Monterey Institute of International Studies
  gsti.miis.edu/CEAS-PUB/SaalmanPaper_2004-05-23.pdf - July 16, 2004

• The Main Points of Preparing the Opening to Private Banks in Mainland China , Wang, Chien-Chung
  After the 11th National Conference of China in December 1978 and the reform of economic policy of China, the private enterprises have dramatically changed the economic scale and industrial structure of Mainland China. The timing for opening to private banks. The risks for China�fs state-owned business banks are too concentrated, the pace for reforms in China�fs state-owned business banks is slow, the lack of adequate competitive environment is the main reason for state-owned business banks�f lack of motivation for reforms. Competition mechanism can be gradually established in China�fs financing area�CIt is a way that do small and medium-sized private enterprises find it very difficult to secure a loan when the balance is great between the interest rates for depositors and those for borrowers in bank. It is exist definitely after calculated the fund gap of private enterprises, and will the adverse impacts be on China�fs financial industry upon China�fs entry into WTO. To know the relationship between private banks and opening of financial sector. Pose the main points of prepare opening to private banks in Mainland China
  etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search-c/view_etd?URN=etd-0625103-161116 - December 3, 2004

• The Rise of Greater China: Issues and Topics , University of Toronto
  This course looks at China in regional perspective, including issues of Taiwan, Hong Kong and People\'s Republic of China economic integration. The role of overseas Chinese communities globally and in Southeast Asia also receives attention. The form and focus of the course varies according to class and instructor interests.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#EAS345H1 - January 17, 2005

• Topics in Economic Development: Chinese Economy , University of Pennsylvania
  This course surveys the development of the Chinese economy in the last half century with emphasis on the economic reform in the last two decades. The course will examine the current hybrid economic system that combines markets and planning in the context of China\'s social and economic history and cultural background.Ê The course will compare the Chinese economy with the economics of other former socialist countries and with the experience of industrialization in other nonsocialist Asian economies.The course will examine the agricultural sector, collective enterprises, and the financial and tax systems to understand the impact of economic reform on the Chinese people and China\'s position in the world economy.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - September 21, 2004

• Topics in Economic Development: India and China , University of Pennsylvania
  This course examines the pre-reform economies of China, India, and to a lesser extent Bangladesh, Pakistan and Taiwan, from 1947 until various efforts of economic restructuring were undertaken. The pre-reform period takes about 1/3 of the course, the demographic-education-health and agricultural structures another 1/3 of the course, and the financial, industrial and international reforms take up the remainder of the course.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - September 21, 2004

• Wang, Xiaojun , Center for Chinese Studies
  Dr. Wang is Assistant Professor of Economics at University of Hawai'i. Professor Wang's main research interests include macroeconomics, econometrics, and the Chinese economy. In particular, he has been working on recent labor market reforms in China.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/wang_xiaojun.html - November 8, 2004

• Wei, Shang-Jin , The Brookings Institution
  Dr. Shang-Jin Wei is a senior fellow at The Brookings Institution in Washington, DC. He is an expert in international finance, U.S.-China economic integration and trade and in reform strategies in developing and transition economies. He has published widely in a number academic journals and is author, co-author, or co-editor of several books. Mr. Wei holds a PhD in economics and M.S. in finance from the University of California, Berkeley.
  www.brookings.edu/scholars/swei.htm - October 22, 2004

• Zhu, Wenhui , Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies
  Dr. Wenhui Zhu is a Visiting Fellow at the Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies of the Brookings Institution in Washington, DC. His expertise is in the areas of China's WTO accession, China trade and FDI issues, China economy and regional development, China-Taiwan relations, and China-Hong Kong relations.
  www.brookings.edu/scholars/fellows/wzhu.htm - October 18, 2004

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• A Feasibility Study on Introducing Fuel Cell Two-Wheeler Technologies Into Shanghai Market , Shanghai University of Transportation
  This study explores Shanghai\'s development of fuel cell technology for two-wheel vehicles and its economic and policy-related feasibliity. The report also discusses the current position of two-wheel vehicles in urban transportation systems within China.
  www.efchina.org/documents/CSEPBrochureCN.pdf - March 1, 2004

• Analysis of China's Potential for Energy Consumption & Conservation , Energy Foundation & China National Institute of Standardization
  China National Institute of Standardization (CNIS) with the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE) evaluate the energy conserving potential of China\'s domestic home appliance industry as well asÊindustrial equipment that useÊthe lowest standards for energy-efficiency.ÊÊBy 2020, CNIS and ACEEE predictÊthat China will implement energy-efficient standards that could potentially conserve 60 gigawatts a yearÊwhich wouldÊreduce the number of power plantsÊplanned for constructionÊby 200 (each power plant can produce up to 300 megawatts). Such a decrease would could mean that in the next 17 years, domestic consumption of energy could be reduced by 85%. In China, energy-efficient technologies and products are readily available, but presently the country is unable to implement or enforce energy-efficient standards that would promote their use. This report investigates theÊpresent level of energy-efficient industries in China, factories\' ability to produce new energy-efficient products, and trends in the development of energy-efficient technologies in ChinaÊand internationally.
  www.efchina.org/documents/Aanlysis_Fnl_CN.pdf - March 9, 2003

• Asian security and China's energy needs , Dannreuther, Roland
  With China's increasing dependence on imports of oil and gas, the Chinese government has been engaged in defining and implementing an energy security policy. This paper examines the implications of this policy for the security interests of its regional neighbours. It is certainly plausible to construct alarming and realist-driven scenarios whereby China's quest for energy security leads to competition and regional confrontation. However, this paper argues that the prospect for energy interdependence promoting co-operation and an improved regional environment is an equally probable outcome. China's neighbours, and the West more generally, should promote policies that support this more benign outcome.
  irap.oupjournals.org/cgi/reprint/3/2/197 - August 1, 2003

• Certification of Off-Grid Renewable Energy Systems , Center for Resource Solutions
  This is a discussion of certification programs for off-grid renewable energy systems. It contains a summary of the two most prominent international bodies for small-scale solar certification and the issues associated with using these standards in combination with nationally developed standards. The memo gives two cases studies on PV certification work that is being done in China and Nepal.
  www.efchina.org/documents/Certification_of_RE_Systems.doc - September 29, 2001

• China Clean Energy Newsletter: Clean Power , Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)
  This English-Chinese language newsletter discusses clean power and answers the questions, "What is Demand-Side Management (DSM) and why?" The newsletter also covers the NRDC's strategy for assisting China in moving towards cleaner power, in addition to the organization's national-level efforts and local initiatives.
  www.chinacleanenergy.org/docs/newsletters/newsletter%20sept03%20-%20final.pdf - August 1, 2003

• China Clean Energy Newsletter: Fuel Cells , Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)
  This English-Chinese language newsletter discusses what a hydrogren fuel cell is and why Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) are good for China. The newsletter also covers NRDC's strategy and national-level efforts for fuel-cell vehicle development and commercialization in China.
  www.chinacleanenergy.org/docs/newsletters/newsletter%20Dec03%20-%20final.pdf - December 1, 2003

• China Clean Energy Newsletter: Green Buildings , Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)
  This English-Chinese language newsletter answers the questions, "What are green buildings and why?" It also address the NRDC's strategy for promoting regulatory tools and market-based green building development and approaches used at the national and local level in China.
  www.chinacleanenergy.org/docs/newsletters/newsletter%20jul03%20-%20final.pdf - April 11, 2005

• China: Energy Policy and Natural Gas Use , Asia Research Centre
  China currently sees natural gas as a major industry with the potential to deliver its long-term economic goals without undue environment harm, and a competitive scramble among prospective suppliers and investors is fast developing. The Chinese government plans to boost domestic gas consumption significantly. Realizing such a high-magnitude boost in demand will require massive capital input and offer a vast array of opportunities for Chinese and foreign investors alike, from exploration and pipeline construction to the building and operation of import terminals and various downstream operations . However, development of the natural gas industry in China is at an early stage and the viability and affordability of such an industry for China has yet to be proven. The book examines background of growth in Chinese gas consumption and outlines some scenarios of future developments in this direction.
  wwwarc.murdoch.edu.au/reports/China_Energy_Policy_and_Natural_Gas_Use1.pdf - December 2, 2004

• Energy Conservation May Regenerate Funds for Energy Development Research , Energy Foundation
  Energy conservation and the development of alternative energy is of significant interest to both China\'s policy makers and the public. In this report the trend towards energy conservation in China is seen as a sign that we are likely to see public funding for energy research and development rejuvenated. This report focuses on what is needed to embark upon an energy conservation campaign, and how the establishment of such would lead to a revival of energy-based research in China. The authors frame their proposal by addressing some of the main questions regarding the establishment, disposition, management and surveillance of energy conservation and research in China.
  www.efchina.org/documents/PBF2_Rept_final_0405.pdf - May 1, 2004

• Evaluation of Policies Designed to Promote the Commercialization of Wind Power Technology in China , The Ministry of Science & Technology, The State Development Planning Commission, & The State Economice & Trade Commission (P.R. of China)
  China is looking for ways to create a commercially self-sustaining wind power industry. \"Evaluation of Policies Designed to Promote the Commercialization of Wind Power Technology in China,\" analyzes the economics and regulatory environments of wind power in countries where the industry is well established. The report recommends policies to accelerate the wind energy industry in China, particularly through incentive policies. The Center for Renewable Energy Development and Beijing Jikedian Renewable Energy Development Center authored this report.
  http://www.efchina.org/documents/WindPowerTech-complete.pdf - May 15, 2002

• Evaluation of Policies Designed to Promote the Commercialization of Wind Power Technology in China , The Ministry of Science and Technology, The State Development Planning Commission, & The State Economic and Trade Commission
  China is looking for ways to create a commercially self-sustaining wind power industry. \"Evaluation of Policies Designed to Promote the Commercialization of Wind Power Technology in China\" analyzes the economics and regulatory environments of wind power in countries where the industry is well established. The report recommends policies to accelerate the wind energy industry in China, particularly through incentive policies. The Center for Renewable Energy Development and Beijing Jikedian Renewable Energy Development Center authored this report.
  www.efchina.org/documents/WindPowerTech-complete.pdf - May 15, 2002

• Financing Off-Grid PV , Center for Resource Solutions
  This memo outlines different schemes that have been used to finance solar PV projects including cash financing, credit financing, and leasing. The memo provides case studies from different countries and an analysis of lessons learned.
  www.efchina.org/documents/Financing_off_grid_PV.doc - July 12, 2001

• International Experience with Public Benefits Funds: A Focus on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency , Energy Foundation
  Renewable energy and energy efficiency investments have long been supported through public policy efforts in a wide array of countries. Public benefits funds (PBFs) are one of several policy tools that might be used to provide this support, and PBFs have become increasingly common in recent years, especially as competition in the electricity industry has increased. While the objectives of different PBF programs are often similar, the structures and means to deliver energy efficiency and renewable energy services through PBFs show much wider variation across countries and U.S. states. This report summarizes international experience with PBF policies that target renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) investments, and identifies lessons learned from these experiences that are applicable to the Chinese context.
  www.efchina.org/documents/China_PBF_101603_final.pdf - October 16, 2003

• International Experience with Public Benefits Funds: A Focus on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency , Hamrin, J., Murray, C., Weston, R. & Wiser, R.
  Renewable energy and energy efficiency investments have long been supported through public policy efforts in a wide array of countries. Public benefits funds (PBFs) are one of several policy tools that might be used to provide this support, and PBFs have become increasingly common in recent years, especially as competition in the electricity industry has increased. While the objectives of different PBF programs are often similar, the structures and means to deliver energy efficiency and renewable energy services through PBFs show much wider variation across countries and U.S. states. This report summarizes international experience with PBF policies that target renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) investments, and identifies lessons learned from these experiences that are applicable to the Chinese context.
  www.efchina.org/documents/China_PBF_101603_final.pdf - October 16, 2003

• Navigating the Policy Path for Support of Wind Power in China , Raufer, Roger & Wang, Shujuan
  Power generated by wind energy costs about twice as much as coal-fired electricity in China. Yet it has flourished in a number of countries because of governmental policies encouraging its development. Such support is typically justified based upon consideration of environmental externalities, the nascent stage of the renewable energy industry, and subsides already received by conventional technologies. Price and quantity types of wind energy support policies are examined in this paper, along with their relevance for China\'s situation. A wind resource concession mechanism similar in many respects to current oil and natural gas concessions has been proposed for China as another method to promote wind energy development. In order to stimulate such renewable energy in China, a phased approach, shifting from near-term price supports to a longer-term, market-oriented approach, is necessary. China should employ a similar evolutionary strategy for the development of wind resource concessions.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/4-feature_3.pdf - August 1, 2003

• Non-Grid Renewable Energy Policies: International Case Studies , Center for Resource Solutions
  This paper provides a thorough review of critical federal and local governmental policies that can be helpful in promoting rural, off-grid renewable energy development. It provides three case studies from Nepal, Kenya and Chile that illustrate the implementation of a range of policy models. The paper analyses the relative effectiveness of each policy model as it applies to China.
  www.efchina.org/documents/Non-grid_RE_Exp_CaseStudies.doc - August 16, 2001

• Recent Talks Indicate a Move from Coal Burning Power Plants to Clean Combustion Technologies , Huang, Yicheng
  This article was written by Mr. Yicheng Huang, China\'s energy department minister and honorary member of China\'s energy research board.
  www.efchina.org/documents/Clean_Combustion.pdf - January 1, 2003

• Regional Power Market Study for East China Grid , State Power Economic Research Center & State Power East China Company
  This study discusses Eastern China\\\'s power grid and the management of this electrical power system. The report gives a comprehensive analysis of the conditions needed to develop this electricity market, price trends for electricity, power supply and demand, and the effects on the environment. The authors address inter-province transaction problems and the possible necessity for establishing regional barriers. With this background, the authors further elaborate on Eastern China\\\'s power network and the overall electricity market plan. They propose various steps to modeling trade mechanisms for electricity and the choice between several kinds of plans. The study includes a comparison of the various regional power plans and the benefits and drawbacks of each, followed by recommendations.
  www.efchina.org/documents/RegionalPowerMarket_fullCN.doc - February 1, 2003

• Regional Power Market Study for East China Grid: Executive Summary , State Power Economic Research Center & State Power East China Company
  This is the English language version Executive Summary for the study described here. The study is available in Simplified Chinese characters. The \"Regional Power Market Study for East China Grid\"Êgives a comprehensive analysis of the conditions needed to develop this electricity market, price trends for electricity, power supply and demand, and the effects on the environment. The authors address inter-province transaction problems and the possible necessity for establishing regional barriers. With this background, the authors further elaborate on Eastern China\'s power network and the overall electricity market plan. They propose various steps to modeling trade mechanisms for electricity and the choice between several kinds of plans. The study includes a comparison of the various regional power plans and the benefits and drawbacks of each, followed by recommendations.
  www.efchina.org/documents/RegionalPowerMarket_for_EastChina_grid_(summary).doc - February 1, 2003

• Renewable Energy Development in China: The Potential and the Challenges (Chinese) , Zhang, Z., Wang, Q., Zhuang, X., Hamrin, J., & Baruch, S.
  This 2000 report summarizes the current status of renewable energy in China, including both the technical and policy status to date with recommendations for future areas of improvement.
  www.efchina.org/documents/China_RE_Report_CN.doc - March 20, 2002

• Renewable Energy Development in China: The Potential and the Challenges (English) , Zhang, Z., Wang, Q., Zhuang, X., Hamrin, J., & Baruch, S.
  This 2000 report summarizes the current status of renewable energy in China, including both the technical and policy status to date with recommendations for future areas of improvement.
  www.efchina.org/documents/China_RE_Report_EN.pdf - March 20, 2002

• Revisiting the Discussion to Develop Wind Generated Electricity , Huang, Yicheng
  This article was written by Mr. Yicheng Huang, China\'s energy department minister and honorary member of China\'s energy research board.
  /www.efchina.org/documents/Wind_Generation.pdf - April 1, 2003

• Searching for Energy Security: The Political Ramifications of China's International Energy Policy , Andrews-Speed, P., Liao, X., Dannreuther, R.
  China\\\'s growing energy needs combined with its limited domestic energy resources dictate that the country will become a player of growing importance on the international energy stage. The government has recognized the need to address a range of energy security issues but has yet to develop a coherent policy. China\\\'s policy has emphasized \\\"strategic\\\" means to enhance security of energy supply rather than market mechanisms. The international components of this policy have contributed to China\\\'s increased diplomatic and economic involvement with energy-rich countries, especially in Asia. Examination of specific policies relating to Xinjiang, Central Asia, Russia, and the Middle East shows that decision-making is driven by complex interplay of political, diplomatic, and economic factors. China\\\'s expanding energy interests need not necessarily pose a threat to the West or its Asian neighbors--instead they can be used as an opportunity to integrate China into existing and new global and regional institutions.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3C5.pdf - August 1, 2002

• Shanghai's Combined Heat & Power Policy Study , Energy Foundation
  Shanghai\'s government has set a goal to develop clean cogeneration power technologies. One particular project in Shanghai effectively uses natural gas to produce energy. Supervisors of Shanghai\'s energy conservation effort emphasize that with Shanghai\'s current situation, projects such as the one mentioned above should coorelate with Shanghai\'s Energy Association to work together in analyzing new energy policies and technologies. China can learn from the experiences of Europe and the United States concerning cogeneration. Finally, this report recommends that the development of cogeneration technologies in Shanghai is crucial for energy policy throughout China.
  www.efchina.org/documents/SH_CogenFnl_CN.pdf - August 1, 2002

• Strategic Research for the Development of Beijing's Alternative Fuel Vehicle , Energy Foundation
  This article discusses the the development of Beijing\'s program for alternative fuel vehicles. The document discusses in depth each alternative fuel type including propane, natural gas, methanol, ethanol and electric automobiles and analyzes the environmental and economic effects of each. The authors also make recommendations for the best option regarding alternative fuel vehicles and how the Chinese government might implement a plan that is inclusive of these technologies.
  www.efchina.org/documents/Beijing_Alternative_Fuel_Vehicle.pdf - July 16, 2004

• The Three Gorges Dam: A Great Leap Backward for China's Electricity Consumers and Economy , Adams, Patricia and Ryder, Grainne
  The authors of this essay argue that the tragedy of the Three Gorges dam extends to the electricity sector and ultimately to the Chinese economy. Rapid technological advances are making big hydrodams obsolete in electricity markets around the world and Three Gorges\' power expensive, compared to cleaner and more readily available alternatives. Economic reforms to decentralize power production in China and to allow private power production are placing those alternatives in direct competition with Three Gorges and other big dams. Meanwhile, economic pressures to shut down money-losing state enterprises have reduced electricity demand, making that competition even fiercer.
  www.irn.org/programs/threeg/991216.probe.html - December 16, 2000

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• A Learning Focus in Monitoring and Evaluating of Capacity Building: an example of a Participatory Technology Development Project , Wilkes, Andreas
  Quoted from abstract: "The Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge's Agro-pastoral Livelihood project aims to work with communities to develop relevant and effective technological and institutional innovations that can support local livelihoods. This process of technology development produces not only technologies but also new knowledge about the relevance and management of those technologies. To evaluate the impacts of the technology development process in one project site, we [CBIK] conducted an evaluation that covered both evaluation of technologies and evaluation of the learning that had taken place... This paper focuses on the lessons from the evaluation of learning processes."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP6%20ENGL.pdf - April 1, 2004

• A Study of Rattan Resource Management in Mengsong , Li, Zhinan & Yu, Bin
  The positive role that traditional culture can play in sustainable and effective resource management has received scant attention. More often, traditional culture is neglected when we look at today's impact on the environment and its current reality that communities face. This case study examines traditional resource management practices of the Hani minority in Mengsong. The study found: 1) By the end of 1980s rattan's popularity had grown and the rattan market became open to outside businessmen. Increasingly, local leaders and outside entrepreneurs exploited and inevitably depleted natural rattan resources. 2) On the other hand, the local culture has been preserved through private rattan cultivation by Mengsong villagers who utilize sustainable practices. The authors propose that further examinination of traditional rattan cultivation will help in finding a practical application of resource management. The authors also suggest resource management and related policies should include local villagers' direct involvement since it affects their livelihoods and places demands on their indigenous culture.
  www.cbik.org/cbik-cn/cbik/our_work/download/rattan%20governance%20in%20mengsong.pdf - April 1, 2005

• A Systematic Approach to Representing Local Knowledge: the use of Agro-ecological Knowledge Toolkit in Action Research on Rumex nepalensis , Shen, Shicai & Wilkes, Andreas
  Quoted from abstract: "This paper reports the use of the Agro-ecological Knowledge Toolkit (AKT) in action research on Rumex nepalensis Spreng., an invasive broadleaf plant found in alpine rangelands in NW Yunnan. The focus of this paper is on our experiences of developing a knowledge base using AKT software as part of our on-going research. Section 1 presents the origins of our research on local knowledge concerning Rumex nepalensis. Section 2 presents the AKT approach to research on local knowledge. Section 3 describes some of the procedures we used in developing the knowledge base and provides tips for other first time users. The final section discusses the potential uses of the knowledge base in our on-going action research project."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP3%20ENGL.pdf - January 1, 2004

• An Analysis of Household Livelihoods in Tuomunan Village, Xianggelila County, NW Yunnan , Zheng, Lisia
  Quoted from abstract: "This paper reports the results of a household survey in Tuomunan Village. The survey focused on household livelihoods and the roles of different assets. The survey found that the household can be divided into 'agriculture-dependant', 'livestock-dependant' and 'truck driving dependant' livelihood strategies. The paper analyzes some of the correlations between different assets holdings in order to explain why households may adopt for different livelihood strategies."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP5%20ENGL.pdf - March 1, 2004

• Animal Husbandry and Resource Utilization in a Yi Community in Xiaolingshan, Ninglang County, Yunnan , Zheng, Chengjun
  Quoted from English version's abstract: "Upland farming and animal husbandry are both traditional productive activities among the Yi people in the Liangshan area. Historically, livestock have been the main case income source for local Yi people, and play important roles in economy, culture and other aspects of livelihoods in the community. Forty year after Liberation, many changes have taken place, including reforms of political and economic institutions as well as changes in the tenure arrangements for mountains, forest and grassland. In recent years, the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Programme has had strong impacts on traditional livestock raising and rangeland management patterns. Through a case study of one Yi community, this paper examines traditional rangeland management practices, existing conflicts and problems, and the impacts of tenure system change on rangeland management and livestock raising patterns."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/Zheng%202000%20CHIN.pdf - April 1, 2000

• Animal Husbandry and Resource Utilization in Yi community in Xialiangshan, Ninglang County, Yunnan , Zheng, Chengjun
  Quoted from abstract: "Upland farming and animal husbandry are both traditional productive activities among the Yi people in the Liangshan area. Historically, livestock have been the main case income source for local Yi people, and play important roles in economy, culture and other aspects of livelihoods in the community. Forty year after Liberation, many changes have taken place, including reforms of political and economic institutions as well as changes in the tenure arrangements for mountains, forest and grassland. In recent years, the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Programme has had strong impacts on traditional livestock raising and rangeland management patterns. Through a case study of one Yi community, this paper examines traditional rangeland management practices, existing conflicts and problems, and the impacts of tenure system change on rangeland management and livestock raising patterns."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/Zheng%202000%20ENGL%20(draft).pdf - April 1, 2000

• Bamboo Sprouts After the Rain: The History of University Student Environmental Associations in China , Lu, Hongyan
  Since 1990, Chinese university student environmental associations (SEAs) have rapidly increased in number. While concerns for the growing environmental degradation in China motivated students to create these green groups, Chinese environmental nongovernmental organizations, universities, local governments, and the news media have assisted SEA development. Student groups also are receiving assistance from eight citywide or regional green student networks, which are playing active roles as information providers, mini-grant distributors, and regional activity initiators. Two extensive surveys of Chinese SEAs reveal that in the late 1990s these groups expanded their scope of activities, but faced many challenges in finding funds and improving internal management capacity. Notably, after years of working to strengthen their groups and develop creative activities, SEA student leaders have acquired not only strong organizing skills but also environmental literacy and passion that they will integrate into their work as China\'s new generation of officials, teachers, entrepreneurs, reporters, and NGOs leaders.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/5-feature_4.pdf - August 1, 2003

• Boland, Alana , University of Toronto
  Dr. Alana Boland's research interests are in the areas of environment and development, political geography, and the geography of China. Current research focuses on urban water policy in China's largest cities and the changing roles of state and market institutions in the management of resources and in the provision of public services.
  www.geog.utoronto.ca/info/faculty/Boland.htm - October 29, 2004

• Chang, Sen-dou , Center for Chinese Studies
  Sen-dou Chang is Professor of Geography at University of Hawaii. Professor Chang's research interests include issues and prospects of the current Chinese policies on resource utilization and environmental quality. In recent years, he presented papers at international conferences on urbanization and water management in China. During the summers of 1993 and 1994, he led two Asian Studies Development Program-sponsored study tours to China for university and college faculty members.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/chang_sen-dou.html - November 5, 2004

• China's Go West Campaign: Ecological Construction or Ecological Exploitation , Economy, Elizabeth
  (Article begins on page 5 of PDF) China\'s \"Go West\" campaign is designed to raise living standards in the largely impoverished western region of the country and more tightly integrate the border autonomous region of Tibet and Xinjiang with the rest of the country. The campaign harkens back to Maoist, and even Imperial, approaches to development and national security, embracing large-scale infrastructure projects and mass mobilization efforts. Traditionally, these grand-scale campaigns wreaked havoc on the natural environment. However, China\'s leaders are betting that by embracing \"ecological construction\" as one of the major tenets of the Go West campaign, they can avoid the environmental excesses of their predecessors and protect the already fragile ecology of the region. Early indications, however, are that the substance of the Chinese leaders\' commitment to environmental protection is lagging far behing its rhetoric, raising serious concern among Chinese experts and environmentalists as to the environmental and economic future of the West.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3C5.pdf - August 1, 2002

• China: Environmental Protection and Global Cooperation , Zhou, Fengqi
  China's explosive economic growth has created enormous environmental destruction and needs rapid attention. A raft of recent policy initiatives has helped, but much more is needed, especially an increase in the use of clean-coal technologies and the gradual phasing in of natural gas. It must also be recognized that this is a global problem that demands global solutions and careful consideration by the world's developed nations.
  www.nira.go.jp/publ/review/2001winter/fengqi.pdf - December 1, 2001

• China: Environmental Protection and Global Cooperation , Zhou, Fengqi
  China\'s explosive economic growth has created enormous environmental destruction and needs rapid attention. A raft of recent policy initiatives has helped, but much more is needed, especially an increase in the use of clean-coal technologies and the gradual phasing in of natural gas. It must also be recognized that this is a global problem that demands global solutions and careful consideration by the world\'s developed nations.
  www.nira.go.jp/publ/review/2001winter/fengqi.pdf - December 1, 2001

• Collective Management of Improved Forage in Zhongdian County, Deqin, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Northwest Yunnan, P.R. China , Xie, Hongyan; Richard, Camille; Xu, Jianchu; and Wang, Jianhua
  Quoted from summary: "Deqin Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Yunnan Province. Due to the implementation of the logging ban in this area, the industry structure of Deqin has changed, with a growing interest and income in tourism, animal husbandry, biological resources and hydro-electricity. Animal husbandry has a long history locally and is the major livelihood base in Deqin Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture; therefore, the logging ban provides a good opportunity for its further development. At present there are problems in improving animal husbandry. One of the most serious problems is the lack of forage to support increasing herd numbers and the subsequent degradation of grasslands due to over-grazing, especially winter pastures near settlements... Based on one year's intensive field surveys in pilot communities of Zhongdian County of Deqin Prefecture, the present situation and associated issues relating to the use of artificial grasslands are discussed. Some suggestions on local animal husbandry are also presented."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/Xie%20et%20al%202001.pdf - April 1, 2001

• Crouching Suspicions, Hidden Potential: United States Environmental and Energy Cooperation with China , Baldinger, P. and Turner, J.
  As stated in the authors\' executive summary: \"This paper explores the opportunities and challenges for the United States to develop a coherent approach to energy and environmental relations with China. This exploration begins with an overview of China\'s impact on global energy markets and environmetal quality. In addition to examining the scope of such cooperation, the paper discusses commercial opportunities and challenges for U.S. environmental technology and energy efficiency companies in China.\"
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3D3.pdf - August 1, 2002

• Environment and Environmental Studies in China , Georgetown University
  Course Lists of the Department of Environmental Studies.
  www.georgetown.edu/undergrad/bulletin/208courses.html - September 21, 2004

• Environmental Awareness in Developing Countries , Nishihara, Sigeki at al.
  The volume provides a comprehensive discussion of the environmental degradation on the global scale andÊthe discource of North-South relations, and case-studies of China and Thailand.
  www.ide.go.jp/English/Publish/Books/Des/003.html - November 16, 2004

• Foreign Technology in China's Automobile Industry: Implications for Energy, Economic Development, and Environment , Sims Gallagher, Kelly
  Although there are still relatively few cars in China today, with the accession to the World Trade Organization demand for passenger cars is expected to grow substantially during the coming decades. To tap into this exploding market and acquire more advanced technology, all the major Chinese auto manufacturers have established joint ventures with foreign companies. This paper explores the role of foreign automakers--particularly the Big Three (Ford, General Motors, and DaimlerChrysler)--in transferring technology. Although these foreign firms have helped to modernize the automobiles on the road today, emissions control and fuel efficiency technology installed in Chinese cars is considerably behind European, Japanese, and U.S. levels. Foreign firms and the Chinese government share the responsibility to correct this laggardness.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/2-feature_1.pdf - September 1, 2003

• Governing Marine and Coastal Environment in China: Building Local Government Capacity Through International Cooperation , Chen, Sulan & Uitto, Juha
  Over the past two decades, rapid economic growth has brought considerable wealth and development to China\'s eastern provinces, where the explosion of industrialization and urbanization has created severe environmental degradation along the country\'s 20,000-kilometer coastline. Damage to China\'s coasts is but one area of severe environmental degradation in China, for the quest for economic growth at any cost has had equally dramatic consequences on the quality of the air, land, and water throughout the country. The Chinese government has resorted to two channels--increased local autonomy and international assistance--to address the country\'s environmental degradation. Since the 1980s, the Chinese leadership has been turning to the international community for financial and technical assistance to supplement its environmental protection efforts. In China, as in other developing countries, international and bilateral organizations offering environmental protection assistance interact mainly with national-level governments and organizations. International involvement in community-level environmental initiatives has been dominated by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The middle-level agents--Chinese local governments, which ultimately implement all environmental policies--have largely been ignored by international organizations. This paper highlights the importance of local-level governance for China\'s environmental protection and explores why it is essential for international organizations to help increase the capacity of local governance of China\'s coastal and marine environment. Linking these more empowered local governments with international assistance could fundamentally change the way in which China deals with environmental challenges.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/6-feature_5.pdf - August 1, 2003

• He Oliver, Hongyan , Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
  Hongyan He Oliver is a Research Fellow with the Energy Technology Innovation Project (ETIP) at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. She holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Policy and Management from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Stanford University. Her research interests include environmentally friendly technology development and transfer, environmental and energy policy design, program implementation evaluation, industrial environmental management, and sustainability development in developing countries. Her dissertation, Implementing Cleaner Production at Industries through City-level Programs in China, explains program implementation outcomes by examining the incentives and behaviors of implementing agencies and industries in their particular economic, political, and organizational contexts. In addition to her research at Stanford, she also worked for the Delaware River Basin Commission on the impacts of climate change on the Basin, and the National Resource Defense Council on its sustainable energy projects in China. Before coming to the States in 1999, she had obtained an M.S. in Environmental Economics and Policy and a B.S. in Urban and Environmental Studies from Peking University. She was engaged in the research on the use of marketed-based instruments for phasing out ozone depleting substances in China and several training courses on environmental economics and policy design in China.
  bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/person.cfm?order_by=&program=CORE&ln=full&item_id=850 - November 1, 2004

• Inventory of Environmental Work in China , Woodrow Wilson Center
  This inventory aims to paint a clearer picture of the patterns of aid and investment in environmental protection and energy-efficiency projects in the People\'s Republic of China. The inventory highlights a total of 118 organizations and agencies in this inventory and provide information on 359 projects. The five categories of the inventory are Part I: U.S. Government Environmental and Energy Activities; Part II: U.S. and International Nongovernmental Organization Activities; Part III: U.S. Universities and Professional Associations; Part IV: Chinese and Hong Kong Environmental NGO Activities; Part V: Bilateral Government Activities.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3CD.pdf - August 1, 2002

• Is China Taking Actions to Limit its Greenhous Gas Emissions? , Zhang, ZhongXiang
  As the world's second largest carbon emitter, China has long been criticised as a "free-rider" enjoying the benefits from other country's efforts toward abating greenhouse gas emissions but without taking due responsibilities of its own. It has been singled out as the major target at the subsequent negotiations after the Kyoto curtain had fallen. By analyzing the historical contributions of inter-fuel switching, energy conservation, economic growth and population expansion to China\'s carbon dioxide emissions during the period 1980-97, this article first indicates that the above criticism cannot hold its ground. Then the article envisions some efforts and commitments that could be expected from China until its per capita income catches up with the level of middle-developed countries. With their focus on the win-win strategies, these efforts and commitments could be unlikely to severely jeopardize the Chinese economic development and, at the same time, give China more leverage at the post-Kyoto climate change negotiations.
  www.weathervane.rff.org/refdocs/zhang_china.pdf - August 20, 1998

• Local Environment Management in China , Beach, Marilyn
  Quoted from the author: "For the past 20 years, China's most pressing imperative has been economic development. This priority has driven all policy decision-making in all sectors, and environmental policy has been no exception. The Chinese leadership considers maintaining high employment rates and increasing income as key requirements in the quest for a strong economy, a stable society, and not least of all, the survival fo the Communist party. Yet unregulated industrialization and urbanization, combined with the absence of effective environmental protection mechanisms have created worsening environmental conditions in China. While Chinese leaders at the central, provincial, and local levels clearly recognize the compelling need to deal with burgeonig environmental concerns, they struggle with the natural tension that exits between facilitating economic growth and promoting a healthy environment."
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3D9.pdf - January 1, 2000

• New Partners or Old Brothers?: GONGOs in Transnational Environmental Advocacy in China , Wu, Fengshi
  Chinese government organized nongovernmental organizations (GONGOs) have been viewed by most China scholars and international agencies simply as extended organs of the government. The GONGO sector in China--particularly in the environmental sphere--is quite diverse in terms of political independence and strength. Moreover, GONGOs are distinctive from the government and NGOs in that they straddle and sometimes bridge the worlds of governmental agencies and NGOs. In this paper, seven brief case studies illustrate the Chinese government\\\'s rationales in fostering environmental GONGOs and how in the 1990s these GONGOs developed in ways unforeseen by the government. Specifically, GONGOs have obtained some organizational autonomy from state control and some green GONGOs have opted to cooperate with local environmental NGOs in China. Access to international environmental communities and building organizational capacity are two factors that contributed most to the increase in GONGO autonomy.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3C9.pdf - August 1, 2002

• Oliver, Hongyan He , Oliver, Hongyan He
  Hongyan He Oliver is a Research Fellow with the Energy Technology Innovation Project (ETIP) at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. She holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Policy and Management from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Stanford University. Her research interests include environmentally friendly technology development and transfer, environmental and energy policy design, program implementation evaluation, industrial environmental management, and sustainability development in developing countries. Her dissertation, Implementing Cleaner Production at Industries through City-level Programs in China, explains program implementation outcomes by examining the incentives and behaviors of implementing agencies and industries in their particular economic, political, and organizational contexts. In addition to her research at Stanford, she also worked for the Delaware River Basin Commission on the impacts of climate change on the Basin, and the National Resource Defense Council on its sustainable energy projects in China. Before coming to the States in 1999, she had obtained an M.S. in Environmental Economics and Policy and a B.S. in Urban and Environmental Studies from Peking University. She was engaged in the research on the use of marketed-based instruments for phasing out ozone depleting substances in China and several training courses on environmental economics and policy design in China.
  bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/person.cfm?order_by=name&program=CORE&ln=full&item_id=850 - October 28, 2004

• One Country, Two Systems, One Smog: Cross-Boundary Air Pollution Policy Challenges for Hong Kong and Guangdong , Hopkinson, L. & Stern, Rachel
  Rapid development of the Pearl River Delta has led to worsening regional air quality. In the last five years, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Guangdong governments have taken some tentative, yet crucial steps, towards addressing regional air pollution. In 2002, the two governments published a landmark joint study on cross-boundary air pollution, which recommended a number of measures to meet target reductions in air pollutants. In another promising development, the two governments also are considering a pilot emissions trading scheme. However, the two sides remain reluctant to include the public in decision-making despite nongovernmental projects like the Hong Kong and Pearl River Delta Monitoring Study that show the value of collaboration among different stakeholders. Experiences from the U.S.-Mexico border, a region facing similar problems as the Pearl River Delta, help indicate possible paths forward. Addressing regional air pollution in the Hong Kong-Pearl River Delta region will require creating new institutions to provide funding, raise public awareness, and lobby for change. The public must be involved in the design and execution of these institutions. Greater opportunity for public support will both facilitate more rapid reduction of air pollution and lower the social costs of cuts in emissions.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/3-feature_2.pdf - August 1, 2003

• Pesticides in China: A Growing Threat to Food Safety, Public Health, and the Environment , Hamburger, Jessica
  (Article begins on page 17 of PDF) Over time, pesticides tend to create more pest problems than they solve, causing increased crop losses as well as health and environmental damage. While Chinese farmers bear the brunt of illnesses caused by the country\'s growing reliance on pesticides, the world\'s consumers are also at risk. The Chinese government has banned some of the worst pesiticides, but overall use continues to climb. Efforts to reduce pesticide use or even ensure quality control have been undermined by conflicts of interest inherent in the agricultural extension and pesticide supervision systems. Government agencies have pursued a variety of schemes to promote the production of food with little to no pesticide residues, but this work affects only a small proportion of the total food supply. The Chinese government needs to take bold and decisive steps to free Chinese farmers from the pesticide treadmill and improve the safety of its food.
  www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/ACF3C7.pdf - August 1, 2002

• Pollution Charge, Community Pressure and Abatement Cost: An Analysis of Chinese Industries , Wang, Hua
  This paper evaluates the strengh of community pressure and pollution charge on industrial pollution control in China and estimates the marginal pollution abatement cost. A well documented plant-level data set is examined and combined with a community-level data set, which allows for a careful assessment of the impact of pollution charge instrument and community pressure on industrial behavior in China.
  www.worldbank.org/nipr/work_paper/hua/costcurvewp.pdf - January 1, 2000

• Rangeland Resources and Livelihoods in the Dimaluo Valley, Gongshan County, Yunnan, China , Song, Yuan; Wilkes, Andreas; Luo, Rongfen; Li, Jinming; and Ji, Yunheng
  Quoted from the author's introduction: "This paper reports on the findings of field surveys and research in Dimaluo village, Gongshan county, in NW Yunnan. The research on which this paper is based covered a wide range of topics, such as household economics, biodiversity, and indigenous technical practices and knowledge relating to livestock and rangeland management. By combining the main results of these separate surveys, this paper presents an overview of how the inhabitants of Dimaluo make their livelihoods, their interactions with natural resources and the current challenges they face."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/Song%20et%20al%20nd.pdf - April 3, 2005

• Sims Gallagher, Kelly , Tufts University
  Kelly Sims Gallagher is a Research Fellow in Science, Technology, and Public Policy at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University and a PhD Candidate in International Affairs at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University. Her research focuses on energy cooperation between the United States and China. During the past year she was a teaching assistant at Tufts University and teaching fellow at Harvard University. Formerly, she was the Science Policy Director of Ozone Action in Washington, DC. She has participated in more than a dozen rounds of international negotiations on global climate change and ozone depletion and was an advisor to CNN in Kyoto and Buenos Aires for the climate negotiations. She was previously a Truman Scholar in the Office of Vice President Gore and also worked in strategic planning at the international engineering and construction firm, Fluor Daniel. She holds a Masters of Arts in Law & Diplomacy from the Fletcher School, and an AB in international affairs and environmental studies from Occidental College.
  fletcher.tufts.edu/phd/students/gallagher.html - October 28, 2004

• State Simplification and Access Issues on Farming Land in Upland Community , Qian, Jie and Xu, Jianchu
  Quoted from author's abstract: "By using key informant interviews and direct observation, the study tries to find out the issue of farmer's access to farming land related to government policies particularly the Slopping Land Conversion Program, and how the local people respond to such policies based on their livelihood strategies. Access to land in rural area is unequal and limited by state land policies and local power relations, which becomes the major factor to result in the different access and conflict to land. In the macro level, state is strong to initiate the simplified policies, but in the local level, state is weak to implement the policies efficiently and effectively regards to local diverse conditions and differentiated actors. The community is not homogeneous. The diversity of livelihood in the village results in the different responses to the state's land policies, particularly SLCP. The conflicts on land access are generated by state simplification to local livelihood in the community level."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/State%20Simplification.pdf - January 19, 2004

• Study of Beijing's Air Quality Control & Atmospheric Pollution Reduction Mechanisms , Guo, Yincheng & Teng, Shulong
  This report focuses on Beijing\'s air quality control mechanisms currently in place and discusses some of the effective measures that need to be taken in order to ensure that Beijing\'s pollution problems will be under control by the time of the Summer Olympic Games in 2008.Ê The report also shows that the coordination of a healthy environment and a strong economy promote Beijing\'s overall development goals.Ê
  www.efchina.org/documents/PolluteContrl_CN.pdf - March 8, 2005

• Sun, Guodong , Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
  Dr. Guodong Sun is a Research Fellow in the Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program. He applies tools and insights from engineering, natural science, economics, and management science to address policy issues in energy systems, environmental pollution control, and technology-policy interactions, paying particular attention to China.
  bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/person.cfm?order_by=&program=CORE&ln=full&item_id=398 - November 1, 2004

• The Benefit and Conflict of Water Harvesting in the Dynamic Process of Damaidi Village , Li, Zhinan
  Quoted from abstract: "During the dynamic process of Damaidi village, local population increased, family structure declined, and diverse livelihood strategies such as labor migration, tea cultivation, livestock feeding etc., emerged. These livelihood strategies induced local differentiation in terms of gender as well as new and old power holders. In this context, water harvesting achieved such benefits as reducing the labor performed by women, improving the maize yield and encouraging local tea plantation. However, since the struggle between power holders, there is still an existing water conflict between water used for irrigation and water used for drinking. The benefit of water harvesting can contribute more to local poor and women's practical gender needs, but it is uncertain what it can contribute to women's strategic gender needs."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/resource/download/WaterHarvesting.pdf - April 1, 2000

• The Determinants of Government Environmental Performance: An Analysis of Chinese Townships , Wang, Hua & Di, Wenhua
  This paper explores the determinants of government environmental performance at a local level. Chinese township governments, the lowest level of governments in the Chinese hierarchical government structure, are selected for this exercise. The performance indicators employed in the analyses include the efforts of enforcing government environmental regulations and the efforts of providing environmental services to polluting enterprises. The performance determinants identified include environmental performance of upper-level governments, local development status, industrial employment, income of workers in polluting enterprises, local environmental quality, public pressure for environmental quality improvement, etc. A survey of 85 townships and interviews of 151 township government leaders were conducted in three provinces of China. The statistical results are reported in this paper. Policy implications are discussed.
  www.worldbank.org/nipr/china/TOWN-journal.htm - September 1, 2002

• The link between grazing and distribution of Rumex nepalensis in a sub-alpine rangeland in NW Yunnan , Willson, A. Melick, D. and Shen, S.
  Quoted from abstract: "Rumex nepalensis is a Himalayan Dock the distribution of which has been expanding in alpine and sub-alpine rangelands in the mountainous regions of NW Yunnan, China. This plant is unpalatable to livestock. This paper reports the results of a vegetation survey in the Sewalongba Valley, an important rangeland for many of the villagers of Dimaluo, in Gongshan County, northwest Yunnan, China... The need to investigate the ecology of this species and to address other environmental degradation issues is particularly pressing in light of government intentions to further increase the livestock numbers in these rural areas."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP8%20ENG.pdf - June 1, 2004

• The Spatial Distribution of Rumex Nepalensis in a Sub-alpine Rangeland in NW Yunnan , Melick, D., Shen, S. and Willson, A.
  Quoted from English version's abstract: "Rumex nepalensis is a Himalayan Dock the distribution of which has been expanding in alpine and sub-alpine rangelands in the mountainous regions of NW Yunnan, China. This plant is unpalatable to livestock. This paper reports the results of a vegetation survey in the Sewalongba Valley, an important rangeland for many of the villagers of Dimaluo, in Gongshan County, northwest Yunnan, China... The need to investigate the ecology of this species and to address other environmental degradation issues is particularly pressing in light of government intentions to further increase the livestock numbers in these rural areas."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-cn/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP8%20CHIN.pdf - July 1, 2004

• Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework to Understand Agro-pastoralist Livelihoods in NW Yunnan , Wilkes, Andreas
  Quoted from author: "The Sustainable Livelihoods (SL) Framework was developed as a means for understanding livelihoods and the potential contributions that development agencies can make to improve the livelihoods of the poor and to strengthen the sustainability of their livelihoods (Carney 1998: 4).... This paper presents an analysis of the livelihoods of agro-pastoralists in one of [the Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge] CBIK's project sites, Dimaluo Village in Nujiang Prefecture. It shows that a variety of assets are crucial in maintaining livelihoods. A better understanding of livelihood assets and processes can be useful in identifying more relevant interventions that differ from some of the conventional interventions made by projects in agro-pastoralist areas and in the animal husbandry sector."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP2%20ENGL.pdf - September 1, 2003

• Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework to Understand Agro-pastoralist Livelihoods in NW Yunnan , Wilkes, Andrew
  Quoted from author's English version: "The Sustainable Livelihoods (SL) Framework was developed as a means for understanding livelihoods and the potential contributions that development agencies can make to improve the livelihoods of the poor and to strengthen the sustainability of their livelihoods (Carney 1998: 4).... This paper presents an analysis of the livelihoods of agro-pastoralists in one of [the Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge] CBIK's project sites, Dimaluo Village in Nujiang Prefecture. It shows that a variety of assets are crucial in maintaining livelihoods. A better understanding of livelihood assets and processes can be useful in identifying more relevant interventions that differ from some of the conventional interventions made by projects in agro-pastoralist areas and in the animal husbandry sector."
  www.cbik.org/cbik-en/cbik/our_work/download/CBIK%20WP2.pdf - September 1, 2004

• Value of Forest Resources in a Miao Community of Jinduo Natural Village, Yunlong County, Yunnan Province , Solenne, Taveau & Wang, Wei
  Quoted from the authors' summary: "This paper reports on a preliminary socio-economic study of Jinduo, a small Miao Village (population approximately 180), in Luquan, Northeastern Yunnan. Jinduo is a rural subsistence community in which most income is derived from livestock, agriculture and collection of a variety of non-timber forest products (NTFP). The income streams of these communities are of interest since they have been affected by shifting policies, which have influenced land-us practices such as alterations to land tenure and the imposition of a commercial logging ban... Although villagers in Jindao clearly appreciated the need to conserve the forest, there was a lack of understanding about the way in which forest protection was managed by the government (i.e. wood quota and allowed timber use). Suggestions are made that clearly articulating villager's rights and obligations and allowing special zones for the collection of leaf litter for fertilizers may be useful. In addition, it is clear that the non-timber forest product resource needs to be carefully managed and the share of profits to villagers increased, as collection of these products is one of the few ways that this community may be able to increase their incomes."
  cbik.org/cbik-cn/cbik/our_work/download/Valueofforest.pdf - February 1, 2005

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• Geography of Chinatowns and Chinese Migration , University of Victoria
  The study of urban overseas Chinese communities in Pacific Rim countries. Includes migration theory, concepts of culture conflict, assimilation and acculturation, urban ethnicity, home environment of Chinese emigrants, attitudes and policies of host society towards Chinese immigrants and imprints of Chinese culture on the urban landscape of the receiving country. Emphasis will be placed on the Chinese migration to Canada and the urban problems of Canadian Chinatowns.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2004/CDs/PACI/442.html - August 6, 2004

• Americans in China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• China Migration Country Study , Pieke, Frank N, and Ping, Huang
  In this article, Dr. Ping, from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Sociology, and Dr. Pieke, from Oxford University's Institute of Chinese Studies, collaborate to present the history and contemporary nature of rural-urban labor migration. Their goal in doing so is to provide policy-makers makers with a practical background for designing and implementing pro-poor policies. In covering the history of rural-urban labor migration, the authors describe the characteristics of rural migrants in detail, including their motivations for migrating, education levels, points of origin, and differences in migration patterns between genders. The article also addresses institutional factors such as changes to the hukou system, priorities of policy-makers versus those of policy-implementors and migrants, and the over-arching relationship between migration, economics, and development in rural and urban areas.
  203.93.24.66/shxs/s09_shx/zlk/huangping/DFID_Web_Paper_3.pdf - June 22, 2003

• China's Floating Population: New Evidence from the 2000 Census , Liang, Zai, and Ma, Zhongdong
  According to Population and Development Review, \\\"this article uses tabulations from the 2000 Population Census of China along with a micro-level data sample from the census to provide a picture of China\\\'s floating population: migrants without local household registration (hukou), a status resulting in significant social and economic disadvantages. By 2000, the size of China\\\'s floating population had grown to nearly 79 million, if that category is defined as migrants who moved between provinces or counties and resided at their destinations for six months or more. Intra-county floating migration is similarly large, contributing another 66 million to the size of the floating population. The article also discusses the geographic pattern of the floating population and the reasons for moving as reported by migrants. Policy implications are noted.\\\"
  web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document?_m=0319652614429d89a024385685065bc6&_docnum=1&wchp=dGLbVtz-zSkVA&_md5=5dcb55d48e57829a34bf8370fb815ada - March 2, 2005

• China: From Exceptional Case to Global Participant , Skeldon, Ronald
  Quoted from author: "China has been and continues to be one of the great sources of international migration, so much so that Chinese people live in virtually every country of the world today. Towards the end of the 20th century, it was estimated that there were some 33 million ethnic Chinese living outside China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. Large though this figure might appear, it is small compared with the total population of China itself, representing only 2.5 percent of a figure that presently exceeds 1.3 billion."
  www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=219 - April 1, 2004

• China: From Exceptional Case to Global Participant , Skeldon, Ronald
  This country profile provides a recent history on various forms of migration in China, Their role as the predominant group migrating to North America and Australasia is discussed, as well as recent indicators that Europe is becoming their preferred destination over North America. The status of irregular, or smuggled migrants, is also addressed.
  http://www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=219 - April 27, 2005

• Chinese Immigration in the Russian Far East: Regional, National, and International Dimensions , Minakir, Pavel A.
  This is a chapter from the book "Cooperation and Conflict in the Former Soviet Union: Implications for Migration", edited by Jeremy R. Azrael, Emil A. Payin, Kevin F. McCarthy, and Georges Vernez, and published by the Rand Corporation.Ê In his chapter 'Chinese Immigration in the Far East: Regional, National, and International Dimensions' Pavel Minakir explains the issue of Chinese migration in the Russian Far East. Hyped by local political elites and the media in Primorsky and Khabarovsk provinces, this issue led to the escalation of tensions between Russia and China during 1994. This burgeoning conflict, in addition to its immediate dampening effects on economic performance in the Russian Far East, complicated Moscow's effort to reestablish central political control of the region. As a result, the issue of Chinese migration has had a significant effect on Moscow's regional, national, and international policies.
  www.rand.org/publications/CF/CF130/CF130ch7.pdf - September 30, 2004

• Chinese Migration , University of Toronto
  This course will explore the history of Chinese external migration and assess its significance for contemporary theories about migration and in world history. Topics covered include the historical context to Chinese emigration; migration to southeast Asia and North America; the interaction between European imperialism and Chinese migration; creolization, Chinatown and the creation of new Chinese societies abroad.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_his.htm - January 1, 2004

• Europe Attracts More Migrants from China , Laczko, Frank
  While North America, specifically the U.S. and Canada, is traditionally the preferred destination for Chinese migrants, Laczko finds that Europe is becoming increasingly popular. He sees this in an increase in the regions from which Chinese migrants come, the rapid rate of increase in their arrival in Europe, a growing use of new modes of migration, such student migration and irregular migration.
  www.migrationinformation.org/feature/display.cfm?ID=144 - April 27, 2005

• Human Smuggling , Smith, Paul J.
  Trafficking in human beings from the People\'s Republic of China has emerged as a major immigration and security problem for the United States and other countries. More than three years after the smuggling ship, Golden Venture, carrying nearly 300 Chinese migrants ran aground off Queens, New York, Chinese migrant trafficking into the United States not only persists but shows no sign of abating. This illegal immigration is organized by highly effective alien smuggling organizations that use routes involving more than 30 countries, according to the United Nations, and earn hundreds of millions of dollars. Moreover, it is a human rights tragedy¡ªthose unable to pay their full transportation fees once they reach the United States are frequently locked up in \"safe houses\" where they are subjected to physical abuse until they can pay. The authors of this volume focus on the roots of this growth industry and examine the various \"push\" and \"pull\" factors¡ªsuch as population pressures and, ironically, China\'s opening to the outside world¡ªthat are fueling the current Chinese exodus.
  csis.zoovy.com/product/0892062916 - February 1, 2005

• Migration Merchants: Human Smuggling from Ecuador and China , Kyle, David and Zai, Liang
  From the authors\' abstract: \"Human smuggling is a phenomenon that further blurs the already fuzzy boundaries between economic migrant and refugee, legal and illegal immigrant. Many state policy-makers and NGOs are concerned that if they admit immigrants or refugees who use human smugglers, this will encourage smugglers to further break immigration laws. This paper questions the assumption that illegal migrants are like any other illegal commodity crossing state borders. Kyle argues that most migrant smugglers are social bandits who may be considered unsavory and even dangerous by their home societies, but not as \"criminals.\" Even states that are \"victims\" of human smugglers do not uniformly paint them as criminal and evil. In contrast to common thieves and smugglers, there is a highly politicized historical dimension to both the motivations of social bandits and to those who see them as either criminals (i.e., transnational organized crime) or \"freedom fighters\". Although migration research has a signifanct role to play in the understanding of transnational social banditry, current migration theory does not sufficeintly expalin the shrap rise in human smuggling around the world, especially in terms of how it conceptualizes \"demand\". To illustrate these points, special attention will be given to emigration from Ecuador to the United States and Spain, including the organizaion of illicit \"migrant export schemes\".
  www.ccis-ucsd.org/PUBLICATIONS/wrkg43.PDF - April 27, 2005

• Multilevel Analysis of Rural Outmigration in Guangdong, China , Zhu, Junming
  This paper argues for more effective policies in China to address the gender, income, and other social inequalities that encourage rural-urban migration. The author suggests that rural residents migrate en masse to the urban areas almost as a means of self-preservation from the desperate poverty of village life and their lack of faith in rural development. Using data collected from a baseline survey and corresponding multi-level analyses of migrants marital status, education levels, community development levels, incomes, number of residents per household, and hukou status, this article concludes that the higher a labor migrant\\\\\\\'s education, the more likely he or she will be to seek employment in cities.
  www.hsph.harvard.edu/hcpds/wpweb/97_03.pdf - February 25, 2005

• North Koreans in China: Defining the Problems and Offering Some Solutions , Smith, Hazel
  "North Koreans in China: Defining the Problems and Offering Some Solutions" by Hazel Smith, professor at the Universtity of Warwick. Seminar proceedings of "Human Flows across National Borders in Northeast Asia" held at the United Nations University in Tokyo, Japan, November 20-21, 2002.
  gsti.miis.edu/CEAS-PUB/200207Smith.pdf - January 31, 2003

• Recent Trends of Emigration from China: 1982-2000 , Liang, Zai and Morooka, Hideki
  Using data from several Chinese censuses and surveys, the article provides a new perspective for the study of international migration focusing on the trends of international migration from China and Fujian province between 1982 and 2000. The paper ends with a discussion of the prospects of assimilation of Fujianese immigrants in destination societies. Published in International Migration, Vol. 42 (3)
  www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/toc/imig/42/3 - August 1, 2004

• Rural-Urban Migration in China: Temporary Migrants in Search of Permanent Settlement , Garcia, Beatriz Carrillo
  This paper illustrates how China\\\'s economic and urban development goals benefit from the flood of rural laborers migrating to its urban areas. While these migrant laborers suffer through the 3-D (difficult, dirty and dangerous) jobs that support the infrastructure for China\\\'s development, the upper classes prosper from this support while the migrants suffer. This cycle continues even as China has begun relaxing its hukou, or household registration, system, to allow freer movement of people, i.e. labor, throughout the county. To cope with the challenges of life in the urban areas, rural migrants create self-sustaining enclaves, with reputations as skilled producers of certain goods and services, to provide basic sanitation, health, education and telecommunication services. As Beijing renovates itself ahead of the 2008 Summer Olympics, these enclaves risk demolition and the threat of suffering from futher social stigma and discriminatory labor, education and housing policies.
  epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/portal/viewarticle.php?id=22&layout=abstract - February 25, 2005

• Small Dreams Beyond Reach: The Lives of Migrant Children and Youth Along the Borders of China, Myanmar and Thailand , Caouette, Therese M.
  Quoted from Eldis: "This report provides an awareness of the realities and perspectives among migrant children, youth and their communities, as a means of building respect and partnerships to address their vulnerabilities to exploitation and abusive environments. The needs and concerns of migrants along the borders of China, Myanmar and Thailand are highlighted and recommendations to address these are made.
  www.savethechildren.org.uk/temp/scuk/cache/cmsattach/412_smalldreams.pdf - January 1, 2001

• Szonyi, Michael A. , Szonyi, Michael A.
  Mr. Michael Szonyi's current research is on the effects of emigration on rural communities in southern Fujian and Guangdong provinces in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. His undergraduate teaching consists of a survey course on the history of China, upper-level undergraduate courses on modern China and Chinese international relations, and seminars on a variety of topics including the peasant in modern China, the Cultural Revolution, and Chinese emigration. he has also offered graduate fields on Ming China, modern China, and international relations of the Asia/Pacific.
  www.chass.utoronto.ca/~mszonyi/ - October 28, 2004

• Temporary Migration and The Spread of STDs/AIDS in China: Is There A Link? , Yang, Xiushi
  This author uses various statistcal analyses and a community survey to determine if the recent rise in the STD and HIV/AIDS rate in China corresponds to increased labor migration. Citing the anonymity of the migrant lifestyle, as well as the apparent youth of most migrants, and how many female migrants are forced into sex-work, the author states that migrants express dangerously high levels of at-risk behavior. The author concludes that migrant workers are over-represented throughout China in populations having STDs, HIV/AIDS, and who identify as Intravenous Drug Users (IDUs).
  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3668/is_200404/ai_n9375983/print - February 23, 2005

• The Inivisible Hand and Visible Feet: Internal Migration in China , Fang, Cai
  The author assesses how the relaxing of the hukou system from the 1980s throughout the 1990s affected the concept of migration and labor mobility in China.  Specifically, he notes that under the hukou system, most migrants fell into one of three groups:  migrants who moved from one area to another for the long-term as part of the state's plan to spread laborers throughout the nation, those who did it for the short-term, and those who did so illegally for work in the black and grey markets. As the hukou system contined to relax into the 1990s, migrants' mobility increased on both rural-rural and rural-urban levels.  Within these trends, the author also addresses how migrants evaluate the role of human capital in determining where to migrate, why rural families prefer to encourage migration of men, but not women, the growth of the rural-urban wage gap, and how national policies favoring urban growth and industry over agriculture lay the groundwork for migration patterns.
  www.cass.net.cn/chinese/s06_rks/chrrsite/paper/working%20paper%205.pdf - February 21, 2005

• Transatlantic Workshop on Human Smuggling: Conference Report , Heckman, Friedrich, Martin, Susan F., McGrath, Kelly, and Wunderlich, Tanja
  This report from Georgetown University\'s Transatlantic Workshop on Human Smuggling provides a brief but detailed case study on smuggling from China. The case study discusses how Chinese slip through U.S. borders using Japanese documents, or by visiting multiple transit points before entering through Mexico. Also addressed is the issue that, given the relatively small number of Chinese smuggled into North America and Europe every year, the smuggling of Chinese over other racial groups receives a disproportionate amount of attention.
  www.uni-bamberg.de/projekte/humsmug/cr_e.pdf - May 2, 2005

          BACK TO TOP

• Chinese Law , University of British Columbia
  A comparative study of Chinese Law, emphasizing the role of law in the People's Republic of China.
  courses.students.ubc.ca/cs/main?pname=subjarea&tname=subjareas&req=3&dept=LAW&course=336C - August 5, 2004

• Ideology and Social Change in Contemporary China , University of California, Los Angeles
  Introduction to sociocultural changes in China from 1949 to the present. Topics include ideology and politics in everyday life, social stratification and mobility, cultural construction of socialist person, changes in courtship, marriage, and family, and political economy of reforms in post-Mao era.
  www.registrar.ucla.edu/schedule/catalog.asp?sa=ANTHRO+&funsel=3 - August 6, 2004

• Modern Chinese Society , University of Victoria
  This course traces the various attempts by China at economic development and socialist transformation since 1949. Particular emphasis will be placed on the impact of these policies on village life and the response of rural inhabitants in China.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2004/CDs/PACI/319B.html - August 6, 2004

• A Deserving Entry for Taiwan in WHO's Who , Government Information Office
  This online publication covers three topic areas:Ê "A Happier, Healthier Society: Public Health in the Republic of China (Taiwan);" "Taiwan, Human Rights, and the WHO -- Foundation of Medical Professionals Alliance in Taiwan;" and "Taiwan's Medical NGOs: An Important Link in World Health."Ê All sections are accompanied with colorful pictures and a thorough overview of each topic.
  www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/health/ - December 2, 2004

• Abramson, Daniel , University of Washington
  Prof. Abramson's research focuses on transnational comparative aspects of urban design, historic preservation and neighborhood planning, as well as particular problems in the physical, social and cultural transformation of Chinese cities. He is the leading faculty member in a multi-university collaboration to research and consult on a Ford Foundation-funded community-based preservation and revitalization planning project in the city of Quanzhou, Fujian Province, and has led numerous field studios for planning and architecture students in China
  www.caup.washington.edu/udp/Abramson.html - November 5, 2004

• Anagnost, Ann , University of Washington
  Dr. Ann Anagnost is a specialist in the ethnography of the state; politics of reproduction; late capitalist transformations of childhood. Her teaching specializations include: peasant society; mass culture; nationalism; anthropology of the body; and childhood. Dr. Anagnost's field experience includes the CSCPRC (National Academy of Sciences) Fellowship for Advanced Study in China, 1990-91.
  jsis.artsci.washington.edu/cv/faccv/a-e/anagnost.html - November 5, 2004

• Asian Studies , Hamilton College
  The Asian Studies Program offers a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the histories, cultures, languages, politics, philosophies and religions of several Asian societies. A concentration in Asian studies consists of nine courses distributed among at least three departments.
  www.hamilton.edu/academics/Asian/default.html - August 26, 2004

• Asian Studies Proseminar: China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  Note: In order to access the course description, select the course from the list. Designed for incoming MA students concentrating on China, this seminar provides an interdisciplinary overview of the current state of Chinese Studies, both overall and in particular here at the University of Hawaii. Via selected readings, discussions, lectures by disciplinary specialists, and a major research project conducted by each student, we will develop significant expertise in three areas: 1) broad-based content knowledge about China, 2) discipline-based methodological approaches to research on China, and 3) available resources to support study and research in the China field.
  www.hawaii.edu/shaps/asia/courses_next_sem.html - January 13, 2005

• Barlow, Tani E. , University of Washington
  Professor Barlow has been a member of the Women Studies faculty since 1994. She is the Founding Senior Editor of positions: east asia cultures critique, Director of the Project for Critical Asian Studies from 2000-2001, and Co-Director of the Project for Critical Asian Studies from 1995-2000. Dr. Barlow's research interests includeÊmodern Chinese gender history and international feminism.
  depts.washington.edu/webwomen/People/barlow.htm - November 5, 2004

• Benedict, Carol A. , Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
  Carol A. Benedict is an expert in 20th century Chinese history; social history of Chinese medicine and disease; and history of public health. Her current project is a social and cultural history of tobacco consumption in China from its introduction in the mid-sixteenth century to the present. She seeks to analyze the historical and cultural factors that have shaped Chinese tobacco use over the longue durée.
  wwics.si.edu/index.cfm?topic_id=1462&fuseaction=topics.profile&person_id=87552 - October 21, 2004

• Bibliography and Research Methods in Chinese Studies , University of Southern California
  An introduction to reference works and research methods in all fields of sinology. Works in Chinese, Japanese and western languages.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - October 2, 2004

• Bibliography and Research Methods in Chinese Studies , University of Southern California
  An introduction to reference works and research methods in all fields of sinology. Works in Chinese, Japanese and western languages
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - January 17, 2005

• Braester, Yomi , University of Washington
  Dr. Yomi Braester is an associate professor at the University of Washington as well as an adjunct associate professor in the department of Asian Languages and Literature.Ê Dr. Braester is also a book review editor for "Modern Chinese Literature and Culture," "Modern Languages Quarterly," and others. He is a member of the China Studies Program and of the Project for Critical Asian Studies.Ê His current project isÊa Lecture Series on Chinese Cities sponored by the China Program at the UW.
  faculty.washington.edu/yomi/about.html - November 5, 2004

• Brown, Ronald C. , Center for Chinese Studies
  Professor Brown is the Director of the Center for Chinese Studies for the 2000-2006 academic year. He has been involved in a variety of China activities including teaching at Peking University Law Department, and establishing and conducting exchange programs and legal and judicial training programs for Chinese lawyers and justices with the Ministry of Justice and the Supreme Court of the PRC, respectively. He has written and lectured on legal topics regarding China and Asia, chaired the Hawai\'i State Bar Committee on the Development of International Law Practice, directed the Law School Pacific Asia Law Studies Program and its Summer Program, and serves as president of the US–Asia Law Institute, which coordinates educational exchanges with the PRC and Asian and American lawyers and judges. He also acts as consultant with the World Bank on Chinese labor law projects. His current research concerns Chinese and Asian labor law.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/brown_ronald.html - November 5, 2004

• Brown, Shana , Center for Chinese Studies
  Professor Brown’s interests include questions of social and political modernity, visual representation, and popular culture in twentieth-century China. Future research projects include the history of photography in modern China and the politics of material culture in the People’s Republic.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/brown_shana.html - November 5, 2004

• Center for Chinese Studies , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  The Center for Chinese Studies at the University of Hawai'i aims broadly at an increased understanding of contemporary China in light of its civilization and its hopes for the future. The Center pursues this goal through instruction, research, publications, community outreach, conferences, and national and international linkages. 
  www.hawaii.edu/shaps/enter/chinese.html - February 15, 2005

• Center for Chinese Studies, University of California, Berkeley , University of California, Berkeley
  The Center focuses not only on the People's Republic of China but on the Chinese societies of Taiwan, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia as well. As the Chinese faculty community at Berkeley grew during the 1960's, the mission of the Center expanded to support scholarly activities in the full range of China's historical experience. Faculty and emeritus faculty in Chinese studies are present in more than fifteen departments on the Berkeley campus, ranging from Anthropology to Sociology. This site includes events, faculty, postdoctoral fellows, visiting scholars, Wuliu Society, awards, programs, libraries, publications, links, and a mailing list.
  ieas.berkeley.edu/ccs/ - October 2, 2004

• Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan , Center for Chinese Studies
  The Center for Chinese Studies at the University of Michigan was founded in 1961 and has maintained its leading position among centers nationwide for more than 40 years. The Center’s thirty-plus faculty forms an intellectual community fostering collaboration among humanists, professionals, and social scientists, in an environment appreciative of the interdependency of past and present. Situated within the International Institute, the mission of the Center is to provide students, specialists and the public at large with expert resources and a deeper understanding of issues ranging from today’s headlines to time-honored questions of value and meaning. CCS collaborative projects, outreach initiatives, and the M.A. Program all make full use of the multiple disciplines and analytical perspectives promoted by the Center.
  www.umich.edu/~iinet/ccs/ - October 29, 2004

• Chan, Kam Wing , University of Washington
  Dr. Kim Wing Chan is a professor in the Department of Geography and in the Jackson School of International Studies, Chinese Studies programs. Dr.Chan's research interests include urban and economic geography; migration; labor market, urban finance; and China.
  faculty.washington.edu/kwchan/ - November 5, 2004

• Changes in Child Care Methods in China's Orphanages , Wang, Tingyu
  This article discusses some of the progress that\'s been made concerning orphange care in China over the last 20 years.Ê However, the author also points to some of the inherent problemsÊwith the traditional attitudes and the older system of providing institutionalized care.Ê Currently, there is a shiftÊtoward care that\'s designed to provide children with a more family like settingÊand many orphanages are now focusing their efforts on providing foster care families for these children so they can grow up in healthier and happier surroundings.Ê This article also discusses the challenges with trying to makeÊsuch reforms more widespread.
  www.savethechildren.org.cn/job_6_4.html - January 1, 2003

• Cheek, Timothy , Institute of Asian Research
  Dr. Timothy Cheek is professor at the Centre for Chinese Research of the Institute of Asian Research. His research interests include Modern Chinese history. His current projects focus on contemporary Chinese intellectuals and Chinese thought, writings of Mao Zedong (Yan'an period), and Chinese historiography. Dr. Cheek has published extensively on issues concerned with Chinese Modern History.
  www.iar.ubc.ca/introduction/cheek.html - October 22, 2004

• Children's Participation in China , West, Andy
  Quoted from author: \"This report looks at children’s participation in China from the experience of Save the Children UK, but draws on experience of work with partner and other agencies. For example in the first National China Children’s Forum held in 2001, in partnerships with the All China Women’s Federation, and with UNICEF and Plan International.Ê There are other Alliance members funding work in China, such as Save the Children Hong Kong and Save the Children Korea, and there has not been time to gather experiences from them, but it would seem that Save the Children UK is the major proponent of work in this area.\"
  www.savethechildren.org.cn/doc/job02.doc - January 1, 2004

• China and Global Issues in the 21st Century , Lampton, David M.
  The course focuses on the global opportunities and challenges arising from China's emergence as a political, economic and military power. It develops an understanding of Chinese behavior in the global system and its implications for the international community. Examines Chinese policy and behavior with respect to a wide range of issues, including international institutions, arms control, trade and investment, environment, human rights and drug trafficking. Also discusses the global significance of such regional issues as the South China Sea.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/china/chinacourses.html - September 20, 2004

• China and the Internet , University of Toronto
  The course explores the history of the internet in China, studies its current and future distribution, government policies around the net, and the social implications of its spread. Hands-on exploration of sites for research on Chinese culture, politics, business and economics. Usually offered only in summer.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#EAS203Y1 - January 13, 2005

• China and the West , Mazumdar, Sucheta
  Survey course with overview of the pre-nineteenth-century Western contacts with China (for example, the French Physiocrats and European idealization of China, early American and English trade). Focus on nineteenth-century topics such as the Opium Wars, British and French imperialism, the efforts to import western technology into China by Westerners, and twentieth-century matters such as the impact of the Russian Revolution and Euro-American foreign policy towards China, concluding with Nixon's visit to China in 1972 and the re-establishment of Sino-American foreign relations.
  aas.duke.edu/reg/synopsis/view.cgi?s=01&action=display&subj=HISTORY&course=172B&sem=0980 - August 12, 2004

• China and the West , Duke University
  Survey course with overview of the pre-nineteenth-century Western contacts with China (for example, the French Physiocrats and European idealization of China, early American and English trade). Focus on nineteenth-century topics such as the Opium Wars, British and French imperialism, the efforts to import western technology into China by Westerners, and twentieth-century matters such as the impact of the Russian Revolution and Euro-American foreign policy towards China, concluding with Nixon's visit to China in 1972 and the re-establishment of Sino-American foreign relations. Instructor: Mazumdar
  www.aas.duke.edu/reg/synopsis/view.cgi?s=01&action=display&subj=HISTORY&course=172B&sem=0980 - August 22, 2004

• China and Tibet: Profiles of Tibetan Exiles , Human Rights Watch
  Quoted from Human Rights Watch: "This report profiles five Tibetans living in exile in Dharamsala, India. All are in their late twenties or thirties, and all are originally from the areas known to Tibetan nationalists as Amdo and Kham. Today almost all of this territory lies in what Tibetans call "eastern Tibet" and Chinese call the Tibetan regions of Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, and Yunnan provinces. Their stories show a common pattern: all had unusual access to education; all became involved in political activities through discussions at state schools or academies; all were arrested and detained by Chinese security forces for possession or circulation of published materials about the Dalai Lama or Tibetan independence; and some were tortured. The men's stories are similar to many others we heard in Dharamsala, and while we do not claim that five cases are illustrative of a broader pattern of repression, their accounts suggest that peaceful political activity in Tibetan areas outside the Tibetan Autonomous Region (T.A.R.) and its capital, Lhasa, is no more acceptable to authorities than it is in the T.A.R."
  www.hrw.org/reports/1999/tibet/ - September 1, 2000

• China Country Analysis , American Military University
  This course covers the strategic analysis of China. It emphasizes those major factors that have interplayed to make China what it is today, and what it is becoming. Although the focus is on the predominate political and military factors at work in contemporary China, the analysis must also relate, when and where appropriate, Chinese society, politics and policy debates, diplomatic initiatives, and evolving economic strategy to China in the larger context.
  www.apus.edu/AMU/Academics/CourseDescriptions.aspx?Prefix=IN - September 21, 2004

• China in the 20th Century , University of Pennsylvania
  This lecture course-the second of a two-part sequence-provides a broad survey of political history and social change from the fall of the imperial order to the \"market socialism\" of today, including the following themes: the interplay of new and traditional forces which made the end of one dynasty the end of a centuries-old political and social order; the political role of new social classes; the search for viable models; war with Japan, civil war, and rural revolution; socialist construction and the development of the two-line struggle; the impact of the Cold War; the Cultural Revolution; the opening to the West, economic reforms, and social ferment since the death of Mao.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - September 21, 2004

• China Since 1935 , Brown University
  Examines competing visions of Modern China as seen from the vantage points of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Tibet, and Inner Asia. Emphasizes changing relations among these places and China's contributions to the rise and fall of international socialism, feminism, decolonization, the cold war, the emergence of Asian capitalism, the growth of international exile communities, and environmentalism. Lecture with discussion.
  boca.brown.edu/nontopicsdet.asp?year=2004&term=2&crsCode=HI0152&SectCode=S001 - January 12, 2005

• China Studies Program , University of Washington
  The China Studies Program at the University of Washington provides a broad understanding of the Chinese people and their culture, historical development, and contemporary issues. Language learning and facility are a core element of the program of study. The more than 20 faculty members in the China Studies Program provide extensive course offerings in the social sciences and humanities, and in some of the professional schools at the University of Washington. The breadth of offerings allows students to select courses to meet career goals in business, government, teaching, and other professions. Three historians focus on the premodern, late imperial, and modern eras of Chinese history, providing background and perspective for all students of China. Political science courses are provided by two specialists examining contemporary Chinese domestic and foreign policy and US-China relations. Two sociologists offer courses on China's population and social organization.
  jsis.artsci.washington.edu/programs/easc/ChinaStudiesProgram.html - February 15, 2005

• China Through the Media , Guo, Gang
  The major purposes of this course are to familiarize students with the main media sources on Mainland China, including newspaper, radio, television, Internet, etc.; to help students understand political affairs on Mainland China through the media sources; to improve students' skills at analyzing news, reports, and stories from Chinese media sources. This is not a language course, and no prior language skills in Chinese are required (but are definitely helpful). The media contents utilized in this course come from a variety of sources, all of which are in English.
  olemiss.edu/courses/inst310/ - August 26, 2004

• China's Late Empires , Brown University
  A post-nationalist perspective on history in China from 1200-1930, with emphasis on empire--formation, gender, and daily life in the Mongol Yuan, Chinese Ming, and Manchu Qing empires, as well as nationalist reconstructions of the Chinese past in the early twentieth century.
  boca.brown.edu/nontopicsdet.asp?year=2004&term=1&crsCode=HI0151&SectCode=S002 - January 12, 2005

• China's Post-WTO Technology Policy: Standards, Software, and the Changing Nature of Techno-Nationalism , Suttmeier, Richard P. and Yao, Xiangkui
  In recent years, through administrative action, legal innovation, and increased support for research and development, China has been actively developing a new technology policy based on the promotion of its own technical standards. These activities impinge upon business decisions and raise questions about China's commitment to honor its World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations, and are thus attracting increasing attention from foreign business leaders and government officials. This study reviews the origins and motivations for China's standards strategy, places it in the context of China's accession to the WTO, and examines the operation of China's new standards regime, with particular reference to standards for wireless devices and software. We suggest that the standards strategy is best understood in terms of a neotechno-nationalsim" in which technological development in support of national economic and security interests is pursued through leveraging the opportunities presented by globalization for national advantage. Unlike older forms of techno-nationalism, China's standards strategy necessarily requires attention to international norms, cooperation with foreign partners, and a recognition of the need for new forms of public-private accommodation.
  www.nbr.org/publications/special_report/SR7-China_Tech_Policy/ChinaTechPolicy.pdf - May 1, 2004

• China's Two Social Revolutions , Whyte, Martin
  This site displays a syllabus for Harvard University's course "China's Two Social Revolutions." 
  www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~fc63/syllabus/FC63-Syllabus.pdf - August 24, 2004

• China: State Control of Religion , Human Rights Watch
  Quoted from Human Rights Watch: "Religion is becoming more and more important in China. In a country that remains officially atheist, conversions to Christianity have risen sharply, the country's 19 million Muslims are attracting the attention of their co-religionists elsewhere, and Buddhism is the fastest growing religion of all. The Chinese government acknowledges 100 million believers of all faiths out of a population of 1.2 billion, but it has been using the 100 million figure since the mid-1950s. In the kind of intrusive control the Chinese government exercises over religious activities, it violates the rights to freedom of association, assembly, and expression as well as freedom of religion. The only limitations that a government can impose, according to the declaration, are those necessary to secure 'due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others' and protecting 'morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.' The peaceful gathering of unregistered groups is no threat to morality, public order, or general welfare; China's onerous registration requirements are clearly an unnecessary limitation on freedom of religion, particularly when failure to register results in some of the penalties outlined above."
  www.hrw.org/reports/1997/china1/ - October 1, 1997

• Chinese Civilization , University of Southern California
  Characteristics and aspects of Chinese civilization; interpretation of philosophy, literature, religion, art, and music.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - October 2, 2004

• Chinese Culture and Society , University of Pennsylvania
  An introduction to the anthropological study of China. Topics include family structure, marriage, language, views of life and death, ritual and religion, social structure, gender roles and relations, and regional and ethnic identities. Central to our understanding are the notions of diversity and transformation: China is a changing and complexly varied place inhabited by real, physical people, not a timeless, eternal, essential mysterious locus for the imaginings of the West. We keep in mind always the question of recent and current transformations of China's social structure and culture. Lecture and discussion.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Descriptionof - September 21, 2004

• Chinese Culture in Imperial Times , Hamilton College
  In-depth study of late imperial Chinese cultural, intellectual and political history from the 11th through the 18th centuries. Focuses on imperial and popular religious cults; the decline of the medieval aristocracy and emergence of the Confucian gentry and civil bureaucracy in the 11th century; the civil service examination system; footbinding; and conceptions of gender.
  www.hamilton.edu/applications/catalogue/catalogue_search.cfm?action=CourseDisplay&ID=3124 - August 26, 2004

• Chinese Department , Augustana College
  Augustana is one of the very few colleges in the country that offers four years of Chinese. The Chinese courses are designed and taught to prepareÊthe students to excel in listening, speaking, reading and writing (both complicated and simplified versions). Augustana\'s Chinese curriculum also offers students the opportunity to travel to Asia inÊan overseas term program. This program gives students who choose to join the Asian Term the basic knowledge and skills necessary for their study abroad.
  www.augustana.edu/academ/chinese/ - February 17, 2005

• Chinese Family and Kinship , University of California, Los Angeles
  Examination of family and kinship organization in traditional Chinese society, socialist transformation of these institutions on mainland China during Maoist era, and role of familial culture in economic development of Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and mainland China in post-Mao era.
  www.registrar.ucla.edu/schedule/catalog.asp?sa=ANTHRO+&funsel=3 - August 6, 2004

• Chinese for Legal ST , Duke University
  "Chinese for Leagal Studies" is an introduction to the terminology and basic concepts of Chinese law. Reading and analysis of legal texts (codes, cases, contracts, wills). Communication about law and law-related issues in Chinese. Prerequisite: three semesters or equivalent of Chinese. Instructor: Yang
  www.siss.duke.edu/schedule/0820/LAW/605/ - August 22, 2004

• Chinese Foundations of Civilization , Vervoorn, Aat
  The course examines social, political, economic and cultural developments in China to the end of the Han Dynasty in AD 220. This was the period that saw the emergence of the schools of thought, institutions, technological and artistic traditions that were to shape subsequent Chinese history and strongly influence the other societies and cultures of East Asia. Topics covered include the roles of agriculture and technology in the rise of ‘advanced’ civilization during the Shang and Zhou periods; innovation and competition among the states of the period of political division; the unification of China under the First Emperor; and the continuing influence of political, intellectual an artistic achievements of the 400 year-long Han Dynasty. Particular attention will be paid to the rise of the various schools of philosophy during the pre-Han period, including Confucianism, Moism, Daoism, and Legalism. The outstanding thinkers of this period dealt with fundamental social, moral and political issues as relevant and important now as they were 2500 years ago. The introduction of Buddhism into China, and it’s domestication there, will also be considered.
  info.anu.edu.au/StudyAt/_Asian_Studies/Postgraduate/Courses/_ASIA6203.asp - January 11, 2005

• Chinese Gender, Kinship and the Family , Hamilton College
  Introduction to the cultural construction of gender, kinship and the family in contemporary and historical China. Emphasis on marriage practices, lineage structure, life cycle rituals, the effects of socialist collectivization and economic liberalization.
  www.hamilton.edu/applications/catalogue/catalogue_search.cfm?action=CourseDisplay&ID=1815 - August 26, 2004

• Chinese History , University of Calgary
  Chinese history through the twentieth century; archaeological and traditional accounts to the middle of the Ming dynasty; modern China from 1500 through the Qing dynasty and the early twentieth century; the history of the Communist movement in China to the death of Mao Zedong in 1976; cultural, intellectual, political, social, diplomatic and military history of China.
  www.ucalgary.ca/pubs/calendar/current/what/courses/HTST.htm - April 7, 2004

• Chinese Law and Society , Duke University
  "Chinese Law and Society" is a survey of Chinese legal thought and practice in the People's Republic of China. Focus on the relation of law to social ideals, to social change, and to politics. Consideration of socialist theories of law, conventional criminal and civil processes, informal and extrajudicial institutions, international law, and trade law. Prior familiarity with Chinese history or politics is unnecessary. Instructors: Gao and Ocko
  www.siss.duke.edu/schedule/0820/LAW/508/ - August 22, 2004

• Chinese Literature in Internation/Historical Contexts , Beloit College
  The aim of this course is to place specific themes and genres of Chinese literature in various comparative perspectives. China has never existed in isolation from the rest of the world, and the consequences of this fact are clearly evident in its literature. Engaging with issues of influence, translation, and hybridity, this course may focus on topics ranging from Buddhist narrative, to European Enlightenment adaptations and translations of Chinese fiction and drama, to early Chinese science fiction. This course may be repeated for credit provided the topic differs each time. Taught in English.
  www.beloit.edu/~academic/fields/majors/modern_languages_literature_courses.php - January 11, 2005

• Chinese Political Thought and Institutions , University of British Columbia
  A survey of the practice and theory of government in pre-modern China from the formation of the state in the 2nd millennium B.C. to the seventeenth century A.D. when China saw the founding of its last imperial dynasty, the Ch\'ing (Qing). Topics include feudalism, classical political ideas, emperor and bureaucracy, structure of the central government, local administration, foreign policies, civil service recruitment, and foreign rule.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• Chinese Religions , University of Iowa
  This course is a general survey of Chinese religions.  It will focus on Chinese traditional religious beliefs and practices, both among the elite and the general population, and will also address recent developments in mainland China and Taiwan, as well as Chinese religions in the West.  In the course we will discuss the religious ideas of Confucianism, Daoism, and aspects of Buddhism, and we will also examine ancestor worship, cults of deities, and practices such as spirit possession, faith healing, and ghost marriages.
  isis2.uiowa.edu/isis/courses/detail/039:007:AAA - January 12, 2005

• Chinese Society , University of Pittsburgh
  This course explores contemporary Chinese society and culture. Some of the topics to be covered include: family and kinship, marriage, community organization, social stratification and gender roles, religion and symbolic systems, ethnicity, social and cultural change, and popular culture.
  www.pitt.edu/~caswww/cdesc/ds043051/anth.htm#1759Chinese%20Society - January 16, 2004

• Chinese-Amer Intl Relations , Duke University
  This course is a seminar designed to analyze the international law issues relating to the current play in Sino-US relations. It chiefly centers on the international law aspects of the issues in Taiwan, human rights, trade and some untraditional security problems such as protection of environment and combating international terrorism. The seminar is based on the assumption that healthy and constructive Sino-US relations in the post-Cold War era will not only benefit two great nations but will also serve as a promise for a more peaceful and prosperous world. Instructor: Li
  www.siss.duke.edu/schedule/0880/LAW/711/ - August 22, 2004

• Clarke, Donald C. , University of Washington
  Professor Clarke joined the faculty in 1988 to teach Asian law courses. Prior to that time he taught for two years at the Law Department of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Before attending Harvard Law School, he studied for two years at Beijing and Nanjing Universities in the People's Republic of China, spent two years working in Japan, and received an M.Sc. degree from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. While at law school, he was a member of the editorial boards of the Harvard Law Review and the Harvard International Law Journal. From 1995 to 1998, he spent a leave of absence as an attorney at Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison in New York, where he worked primarily on China-related matters. His current research interests are Chinese legal process and Chinese commercial and economic law.
  faculty.washington.edu/dclarke/ - November 5, 2004

• Comparative Law: The Role of Law in Chinese Society , Harvard University
  The course initially will focus upon China's rich, but much neglected, legal history. Particular attention will be paid to traditional Chinese views on the role of law in society, to the legal aspects of early Sino-Western interaction, and to efforts to introduce foreign models of law into China. The remainder of the course will center on contemporary Chinese society. Issues to be examined in this part of the course include (1) legal dimensions of Chinese "modernization"; (2) concepts of human rights and the relationship of the individual to the state (with special reference to the status of women); and (3) the place of law in China's economic development.
  www.law.harvard.edu/academics/registrar/catalog/electives.html - August 24, 2004

• Confucian and Communist China , Keenan, Barry
  The major reforms in socialist China after 1976 raised issues of recurrent importance in China's twentieth century history. This course systematically compares the reforms that redefined Confucian institutions after 1895 with the post-Mao reforms of communist China. Common themes emerge: the repression of the radical 1898 reforms and the repression of the 1989 Tiananmen democracy movement; the challenge of the decentralization of state-run economics; inventing unprecedented legal and judicial protections for private enterprise; and cultural iconoclasm towards Chinese tradition. Could modernization in Confucian or communist China propel the economy forward without inducing politically revolutionary results? Could the intellectual elite relate to established political power without selling out their objectivity or inducing repression?
  www.denison.edu/catalogs/EAST.html#EASTcourses - August 30, 2004

• Conner, Alison , Center for Chinese Studies
  Professor Conner joined the School of Law in January 1995 after nearly twelve years of teaching and research in Asia, most recently in Hong Kong. She has also worked in Singapore, Taiwan and China. Her general areas of research interest include Chinese legal history, particularly Qing and Republican period, and current legal developments in the PRC.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/conner_alison.html - November 5, 2004

• Contemporary China Industrialization and Reform , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• Contemprorary China Through Film , St. Olaf College
  Students study basic concepts and approaches of film analysis, while examining aesthetics, themes, and techniques of masterworks directed by Chinese Fifth Generation directors. Through readings of cinema theory and criticism and class discussions, students explore artistic merits in these films and aspects of Chinese society and culture in contemporary China, particularly the changes which occurred since 1978 with China's Four Modernizations. All readings are in English.
  www.stolaf.edu/depts/asian-studies/courses/ - January 19, 2005

• Cooperating to Compete , China Brief
  With the increased competitive pressures that WTO will bring, many Chinese and international experts believe that Chinese agriculture will need to move towards greater regional and sectoral specialisation, with improved production, storage and processing technologies and better market information and analysis. Farmer's associations may have the potential to fill some of the gaps left by shrinking government provision, in a way that is more farmer-driven, or at any rate more responsive to farmers' needs, than an extension system traditionally geared to meeting government objectives such as increasing grain yields. However, many farmer-initiated organizations are now facing difficulties.
  www.chinadevelopmentbrief.com/article.asp?art=337&sec=19&sub=1&toc=1 - December 1, 2000

• Culture and Society of China , University of Alberta
  No course description at this site.
  www.arts.ualberta.ca/~eastasia/course_offerings.htm - September 21, 2004

• Current Sinology , University of Pennsylvania
  Major trends in scholarship as reflected in important recent publications. Components of a career in East Asian studies-organizing information, planning teaching and structuring formal reports of research-will be discussed by faculty members for roughly half of the meetings.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Daniel C. Lynch, Ph.D. , Daniel C. Lynch
  Professor Lynch currently is researching the international origins of democratization. He is contrasting the experiences of Taiwan and Thailand with those of China and Burma. Lynch is also researching Chinese concepts of comprehensive security and how they relate to identity formation. The courses he offers are both East Asia- and theory-based. His East Asia courses include Chinese Foreign Policy and East Asian Security Issues. His theory courses include State and Society in International Relations and Global Forces and Political Change.
  usc.edu/dept/LAS/ir/faculty/g-lynch.htm - October 8, 2004

• Daoism (Taoism) , Beloit College
  The ultimate interdisciplinary subject. Though in China Daoism is both a philosophy and a religion, students are introduced to Daoist history, politics, poetry, painting, diet, exercise, and sexual doctrines from the 6th century B.C. to the present.
  www.beloit.edu/~academic/fields/minors/asianstudies_courses.php - January 11, 2005

• Development of Traditional Chinese Thought , University of British Columbia
  Chinese thought from the Han dynasty (206 B.C.E. to 220 C.E.) to Wang Yangming (1472-1529) in its historical and cultural contexts. Basic Text: W.T. Chan, ed. And trans. A Sourcebook in Chinese Philosophy.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• Dobson, Will , Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
  William Dobson is an expert in Asian politics and security; Chinese politics and economics; the World Trade Organization; and American foreign policy. William J. Dobson is the managing editor of "Foreign Policy" magazine. He is responsible for managing the editorial planning and editorial production of the magazine, as well as editing and commissioning feature articles, reviews, and essays. Prior to joining FP, he served as Newsweek International's Senior Editor for Asia and as an associate editor at "Foreign Affairs". While at "Newsweek", he supervised coverage that was honored for overall general excellence by the Society of Asia Publishers in 2003 and 2004. He has published widely on Asia and international relations and was recently named a 2004 New Asian Leader by the World Economic Forum - the only Westerner to receive such recognition. His most popular articles have appeared in the "New York Times", "Wall Street Journal", "Boston Globe", and "New Republic", among other publications.
  www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=217 - October 21, 2004

• Ebrey, Patricia Buckley , University of Washington
  Dr. Patricia Buckley Ebrey is a Professor of History at the University of Washington. Her recently offered Courses include: a Field Course in Chinese History to 1276, Chinese Social History, Chinese Civilization, Literati Culture in Northern Song China, State and Society in Song China Women in East Asia and Chinese Historical Sources.
  faculty.washington.edu/ebrey/ - November 5, 2004

• Emperors and Revolutionaries: Histories of Modern China , Louie, K.
  This course explores the transformations in Chinese society and culture from the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) through the tumultuous period of the early Republic (1911-1949). It aims to introduce students to key concepts in the analysis of modern Chinese history while developing the understanding of main events that led to the development of the contemporary Chinese states. Major issues include: the internal tensions developing within the prosperous Qing state, the impact of European expansion on China’s stability, the urban intellectuals’ attempts at reform, the rising influence of the youth voice, and the emancipation of women. The main historiographical theme is the exploration of the “ownership” of history (e.g. tensions between nationalist and communist versions of history, Chinese and Western histories, and imperial and republican notions of the past). English is the language for instruction and for all readings.
  info.anu.edu.au/StudyAt/_Asian_Studies/Postgraduate/Courses/_ASIA6037.asp - January 11, 2005

• Ethnic Chinese - Their Economy, Politics and Culture , Sakasawa Peace Foundation
  Essays included in this book are various attempts at better understanding the ethnic Chinese economies by considering not only the economy itself, but also politics, society, culture and so on. This book is the academic outcome of worldwide collaboration of reseachers on ethnic Chinese.
  www.spf.org/e/special/ethnic.html - November 9, 2004

• Ethnology of China , University of Manitoba
  This is a listing of courses offered by the University of Manitoba. Included are the course offerings for the Major and Minor programs and a link to the current 2003-2004 timetable.
  www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/asian_studies/program.html - August 22, 2004

• Exclusionary Policies and Practices in Chinese Minority Education: The Case of Tibetan Education , Johnson, B. & Chhetri, N.
  Quoted from authors: "This paper examines how the government of the People's Republic of China (hereafter referred to as China) modifies its educational policies to achieve separate and distinct regional objectives, which are linked to regional and ethnic differences. These policies often result in exclusionary practices. Using the case of the Chinese region of Tibet, this paper illustrates the dichotomy of Chinese educational policy: how to achieve universal education for all students and at the same time contain regional ethnic resistance against the communist government and maintain national unity."
  www.tc.columbia.edu/cice/articles/bjnc122.pdf - April 30, 2000

• Exploring the Silk Road , University of Pennsylvania
  This class focuses on the history and archaeology of the infamous trade route across Asia called the Silk Road. We will explore such issues as what sparked people to begin long distance trade between China and the West - what was traded and why, and how did this trade affect the cultures along this fabled trail in Central Asia? We will read and discuss 18th and 19th c. travelerÕs accounts, current archaeological reports, and weave these into a history of the region that is returning to global importance.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Field Study in Asia: China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• First Steps to Literacy in Chinese classrooms , Ingulsrud, J. & Allen, K.
  In a country as linguistically diverse as China, a central feature in the process of teaching children to read is the creation of a national identity which involves teaching first year children to speak the national language. In this process of acquiring literacy, children discover not only their national identity, but also identities linked to global and local contexts as well as gender identities.Ê Through textbook illustrations, children are exposed to gender-based roles that depict social realities instead of social ideals. Yet not all have access to school, particularly children in rural and minority areas, and migrant workers’ children in the cities. The authors here illustrate the ways some of the identities are represented in school textbooks. These representations indicate the enormous gap between urban children and the realities of most Chinese children who live in rural areas.
  www.tc.columbia.edu/cice/articles/ka152.pdf - May 12, 2003

• Foster, Lawrence C. , Center for Chinese Studies
  Professor Foster was Associate Dean of the Richardson School of Law 1987-1994, and has been Dean of the University of Hawaii's School of Law since 1995. His research concentrates on contemporary PRC jurisprudence, and the development of the PRC legal system. He is currently assisting in the development of the Pacific Asian Legal Studies program at the School of Law. The most recent product of this effort has been a new course offering, Readings in Contemporary Chinese Law, in which students will read a variety of Chinese law-related materials including statutes, regulations and essays on Chinese law.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/foster_lawrence.html - November 8, 2004

• Foundations of Chinese Thought , University of British Columbia
  Chinese thought from its beginnings until the Han dynastry (206 B.C.E. to 220 C.E.) in its historical and cultural contexts. Includes, among others: Confucius; Mo Zi; the Legalists/Authoritarians; Zhuang Zi; the Lao Zi book.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• Frechette, Ann , Hamilton College
  Frechette joined the Hamilton faculty in 2000. She was the recipient of the MacArthur Foundation Fellowship for Peace and Security in a Changing World, 1994-1996, and went on to complete her Ph.D. in social anthropology at Harvard University in 1997. Frechette's teaching and research interests include economic and political anthropology, globalization, international migration, the anthropology of Tibet and the Buddhist Himalaya, Chinese gender, kinship, and the family. She was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship to conduct fieldwork in Nepal in 1995. Her first book, "Tibetans in Nepal: The Dynamics of International Assistance among a Community in Exile\" (Berghah Books, 2002), was based on that research. Frechette is currently at work on her second book, "The Invisible Red Thread: Family, Community, and Identity in the China-U.S. Adoption Process," which analyzes families created through China-US adoptions.
  www.hamilton.edu/academics/faculty.html?dept=Asian%20Studies - November 4, 2004

• From Rice Bowl to Safety Net: Insecurity and Social Protection during China's Transition , Cook, Sarah
  Quoted from abstract: "Alongside economic growth, inequality and insecurity have increased rapidly in China. Groups formerly excluded from the security of the 'iron rice bowl' are now excluded from new forms of social assistance, often designed to compensate those losing livelihood guarantees. There is thus a need for new safety-net measures, both to assist the most vulnerable and least secure members of society throughout the transition, and to enhance their longer-term security. This article argues that compensatory arrangements can be effective only alongside a complementary set of social protection policies including increased investment in human resources. Better-designed interventions could strengthen rather than undermine existing informal safety nets, and allow an expanded role for nongovernmental organisations in social protection." This is a Blackwell Publishing paper. Blackwell Publishing charges $25.00 for this paper.
  papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=368771 - February 12, 2003

• Gender in China , Louie, K.
  This course explores key concepts in the analysis of gender relations in China. It includes both historical and contemporary perspectives on the evolution of gender roles in Chinese society. It aims to present students with a broad vision of the major tensions between the genders and draws examples from a range of genres - such as literary texts, film, historical documents, newspaper articles, magazine advertisements, and poster art. The course presents a uniquely Chinese perspective on the study of gender in a global context. It facilitates an important cross-cultural comparison for those students studying gender while simultaneously providing Asian Studies students with fundamental knowledge of men-women relations, sexuality and the impact of these on social and political structures in this important East Asian culture. English is the language for instruction and for all readings.
  info.anu.edu.au/StudyAt/_Asian_Studies/Postgraduate/Courses/_ASIA6035.asp - January 11, 2005

• Geography of China , University of Georgia
  A systematic and regional analysis of the physical and human geography of contemporary China.
  uga.edu/cas/courses.html - January 20, 2005

• Gladney, Dru C. , Center for Chinese Studies
  Dr. Gladney is Professor of Asian Studies at the University of Hawaii. A Ph.D. in Social Anthropology from the University of Washington, Seattle, Dru C. Gladney has been a Fulbright Research Scholar twice, and has conducted long-term field research in China, Central Asia, and Turkey. He has authored over 50 academic articles and chapters, many on the subject of the Muslim minority in China. His most recent book is "Dislocating China: Muslims, Minorities, and Other Sub-Altern Subjects" (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/gladney_dru.html - November 8, 2004

• Gong, Gerrit W. , Center for Strategic and International Studies
  Gerrit W. Gong is an expert in East Asian affairs; U.S.-East Asia policies; Chinese domestic and foreign policies; the Korean peninsula; Southeast Asia. Gerrit Gong is a senior associate with the CSIS Asia Program, as well as assistant to the president for planning and assessment at Brigham Young University in Utah. Previously, he held the Freeman Chair in China Studies at CSIS and, from 1989 to 2001, directed its Asia Program. Earlier, he served in the U.S. State Department with assignments at the U.S. embassy in Beijing, in the office of the department's senior career officer, and as the under secretary for political affairs, as well as serving at the American Institute in Taiwan.
  www.csis.org/experts/4gong.htm - October 21, 2004

• Hannum, Emily , Center for East Asian Studies
  Emily Hannum, Assistant Professor of Sociology, is affiliated with the Population Studies Center and the Graduate School of Education. She joined the Penn faculty in 2001, having taught previously at Harvard University. Hannum received her Ph.D. in Sociology and Demography in 1998 from the University of Michigan. Hannum’s research interests focus on access to education and the social and economic consequences of education in developing countries, especially China. Hannum’s past research in China includes publications about ethnic and gender stratification, labor market inequalities, and education and children’s welfare. Funded by a fellowship from the National Academy of Education, she is currently working on a book about children’s schooling experiences in rural Gansu.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/bios_hannum.html - November 5, 2004

• Harris, Kristine , State University of New York at New Paltz
  Associate Professor, Department of History, Director, Asian Studies Program, State University of New York Her current research explores the social and political impact of film culture in China from the 1890s through to the present, with an emphasis on the period prior to the 1949 Revolution. For this research I work with original sources in Chinese and Japanese, located in archives in mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Japan.
  www2.newpaltz.edu/~harrisk/ - January 25, 2005

• Harwitt, Eric , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  Associate Professor, Asian Studies, University of Hawaii at Manoa. His recent work has focused on the politics of industrial development in China. He is currently writing a book about telecommunications regulation in the PRC, a project that examines the political and social impact of the Internet as well as the spread of telecommunications to both urban and rural parts of the country. His teaching includes courses on comparative Asian development, and a new project looks at China's political and economic relations with Central Asia.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/community/faculty/harwit_eric.html - October 20, 2004

• History and Memory in China , Brown University
  How do societies remember? This cultural history of history and memory examines how individuals and collectivities instrumentalize the past to shape the present. Case studies are drawn from Chinese history and emphasize the history of time-keeping and temporalities, traditional Chinese historiography, ritualized memory, and monumental archives.
  boca.brown.edu/nontopicsdet.asp?year=2004&term=2&crsCode=HI0097&SectCode=S015 - January 12, 2005

• HIstory of China I , University of Georgia
  The Traditional Order from Prehistory to the Tang Dynasty. Emphasis is on traditional Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, the primary molders of Chinese culture.
  uga.edu/cas/courses.html - January 20, 2005

• HIstory of China II , University of Georgia
  The Transitional State from the Tang Dynasty to 1800. An examination of significant changes in Chinese culture, as well as an analysis of those forces that contributed to or inhibited modernization.
  uga.edu/cas/courses.html - January 20, 2005

• History of China III. The Modern Transformation from 1800 to the Present , University of Georgia
  A study of China in the 20th century with the focus on the Republic of China, its disintegration, the rise of Communism, and the changes in the nature of the People's Republic of China.
  uga.edu/cas/courses.html - August 26, 2004

• History of China up to Modern Times , Cornell University
  A survey of the principal developments in the history of China from the earliest times to the eighteenth century that also undertakes a topical introduction to Chinese culture and civilization, in part by the use of visual materials.
  cuinfo.cornell.edu/Academic/Courses/CoScourses.phtml?college=AS&dept=History - September 27, 2004

• History of China's Performing Art , University of Toronto
  An historical overview of Chinese theatre, a reading of selected texts, viewing of videotaped performances and class discussions of the characteristics of this art form.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#EAS233H1 - January 13, 2005

• History of Chinese Civilization , University of British Columbia
  The goal of this course is to give a general overview of Chinese history before modern times, from ancient times to ca. 1800, with the emphasis on the period up to C.E. 1000: how China came into being, the rise and development of her institutions and civilization, the evolution of her society before modern times. The extensive material available on such topics will be covered mainly in the form of lectures. Texts: Jacques Gernet. A History of Chinese Civilization. Wm. T. de Bary. Sources of Chinese Tradition, vol. 1.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• History of Hong Kong , University of Toronto
  A study of political, economic, and social change in the British colony of Hong Kong from 1842 until the present day.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_his.htm - January 17, 2005

• Human Rights and the Development of Democracy in China , Thurston, Anne F.
  The cource covers China's efforts to democratize both recently and in teh first half of the 20th century; theories of democratization and democratic transition in relation to analysis of the possibilities of and impediments to future democratization in China; and polictical and societal applications of the Human Rights concepts both in China and the United States.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/asiaoverview/readinglists/chinareadinglists/HRDemocracyofChinaThurston.pdf - September 20, 2004

• Hung, Veron , Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
  Veron Hung has in-depth experience in Chinese law, and law and politics in the Asia-Pacific region. In academia and the private sector, she has studied such areas as administrative litigation and judicial reform in China, constitutional development in Hong Kong, human rights in Cambodia, and trade with China.
  www.carnegieendowment.org/experts/index.cfm?fa=expert_view&expert_id=144 - October 21, 2004

• Ideas for Child Participation and the Exploration of New Practices , Yang, Haiyu
  In 1989, the United Nation\'s Convention on the Rights of the Child provided a basic legal framework for international law concerning children\'s issues. However, each individual, each culture, each society and each country will interpret children\'s rights differently. In this article we discuss some of the ideas and problems that have arisen concerning child participation in China.
  www.savethechildren.org.cn/doc/job06.doc - August 1, 2001

• Idema, Wilt L. , Fairbank Center for East Asian Research
  Dr. Wilt Idema is Director and Professor of Chinese Literature at the Fairbank Center for East Asian Research of Harvard University. His field of specialization is Chinese vernacular literature of the imperial period. Dr. Idema came to Harvard in 2000 and is professor of Chinese literature in the Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations.
  www.fas.harvard.edu/~fairbank/people/staff.html#wilt - October 22, 2004

• Institute of Taiwan Studies , Institute of Taiwan Studies
  The Institute of Taiwan Studies researches Taiwan's politics, economy, society, history, culture, and cross strait relations.
  www.cass.net.cn/webnew/chinese/y_03/y_03_50twyjs.html - October 7, 2004

• International Law: Research on Japanese Law: Seminar , Harvard University
  This seminar will both introduce students to issues in Japanese industrial organization and train them to use Japanese language legal and social scientific materials. During the term, students will read a wide variety of materials on industrial organization in Japanese. Students should have at least two years of language studies or the equivalent. The class is not open to native speakers of Japanese.
  www.law.harvard.edu/academics/registrar/catalog/electives.html - August 24, 2004

• Introduction to Chinese Cultures , University of Pennsylvania
  In this seminar we look at the diverse cultural traditions and patterns of social formations of traditional and modern China, to gain an introductionto social life in that country. We will consider basic anthropological topics in the Chinese context, including kinship, power and politics, gender, ethnicity, class and status, economic activities, ritual practicesand ceremonies, religion, expressive culture, and diaspora/transnational communities in Greater China.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Introduction to Chinese Language and Culture , Beloit College
  Open to students with no Chinese language background, this course introduces some basic elements of Chinese such as its dialectal systems, the history and methods of its writing form, the pictographic signs related to myth and legends of cultural origins, and some basic grammatical patterns of Mandarin. The course also teaches basic vocabulary of everyday communication and Chinese character-writing.
  www.beloit.edu/~academic/fields/majors/modern_languages_literature_courses.php - January 11, 2005

• Introduction to Classical Chinese Thought , University of Pennsylvania
  This course is intended as an introduction to the history of Chines thought. The first part of the course is devoted to China's philosophical awakening in the 5th to 3rd centuries B.C. All subsequent philosophy continually returned to the problems defined during this formative period.We shall examine the various schools of thinkers of the time, and the ways in which representatives of different opinions reacted to each other. Nextwe follow the current of Chinese thought leading to the Confucian revival of the T'ang and Sung dynasties. This portion of the course culminates in an extensive examination of the philosophy of Chu Hsi (1130-1200), the most influential Neo-Confucian thinker. After considering some alternatives to Chu Hsi's vision put forward in later centuries, we assess the viability of Chinese thought in a modern context.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Introduction to East Asian Civilization: China , Brown University
  A comprehensive survey of Chinese history, from imperial times to the present. Seeks to establish the impact of China's historical legacy upon contemporary society, politics, and culture.
  boca.brown.edu/nontopicsdet.asp?year=2003&term=1&crsCode=HI0041 - August 9, 2004

• Introduction to East Asian History I - China , Beloit College
  In this course we will explore the foundations of Chinese society and the role Chinese culture played in the broader context of East Asian history. Students will work with an array of lively historical and cultural materials as they build a broad knowledge of China from its pre-dynastic roots into the 20th century, and will develop skills in historical analysis and writing that will provide a foundation for further work in East Asian history.
  www.beloit.edu/~academic/fields/majors/history_courses.php - January 11, 2005

• Japanese Society , Imamura
  This course provides an introduction to Japanese Society. Topics covered include social structure, norms and values, religion, family, gender, community, current social problems and social change. Throughout the course, comparisons will be made to the United States and other societies.
  www.georgetown.edu/undergrad/bulletin/184courses.html - September 21, 2004

• Jin, Hong Gang , Hamilton College
  Jin came to Hamilton in 1989. After studying English language and literature at Shanxi University in China, she earned her master's and Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. At Hamilton she helped establish the Associated Colleges in China program, a study abroad consortium in Beijing, sponsored by Hamilton, Oberlin and Williams Colleges. Winner of the Carnegie Foundation 1998 Outstanding Baccalaureate College Professor of the Year award, Jin is co-author of several books and software programs about multimedia approaches to teaching Chinese language and culture, as well as numerous articles for professional journals. A two-volume textbook series, "Crossing Paths: Living and Learning in China" and "Shifting Tides: Culture in Contemporary China" (both with DeBao Xu)was published in February, 2003. She has also been involved with writing and designing a series of multimedia computer software to provide interactive exercises in teaching Chinese.
  www.hamilton.edu/academics/faculty.html?dept=Asian%20Studies - November 4, 2004

• Kipnis, Andrew , Australian National University
  Research Fellow, Contemporary China Centre, Department of Anthropology, Australian National University Research Interests: Postsocialism and postsocialist societies; anthropology of education; processes of subjectification; kinship and gender; language and culture; China; East Asia; USA.
  rspas.anu.edu.au/people/personal/kipna_ant.php - January 23, 2005

• Language, Script, and Society in China , University of Pennsylvania
  The Chinese writing system is the only major surviving script in the world that is partially picto-ideographic, Egyptian hieroglyphic and Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform having passed out of use about two millennia ago. Partly because it is so unique, a tremendous number of myths have grown up around the Chinese script. In an attempt to understand how they really function, this seminar will examine the nature of sinographs and their relationship to spoken Sinitic languages, as well as their implications for society and culture. We will also discuss the artistic and technological aspects of the Chinese characters and the ongoing efforts to reform and simplify them. The use of sinographs in other East Asian countries than China will be taken into account.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Law in the People's Republic of China , Columbia University
  A survey of contemporary Chinese legal attitudes and institutions in historical and comparative perspective. The course begins with a brief examination of certain essential themes and practices in China's traditional legal order and an appraisal of China's early twentieth-century effort to import a Western legal model. The major portion of the term is devoted to a study of formal and informal legal institutions and procedures in the criminal and civil processes of the People's Republic of China.
  www.sipa.columbia.edu/CourseDescriptions/index.html - September 23, 2004

• Legal Aid in China , Choate, Allen C.
  An examination of China\'s recently established national legal aid program. This paper discusses the origins, purposes, and motives of legal aid in China, the structure and operation of the new public legal aid program, issues of eligibility and scope of coverage, and financial and technical support. It concludes with some preliminary observations about the meaning of public aid for law reform in China. The paper includes some actual case summaries from legal aid centers in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces of China.
  www.asiafoundation.org/pdf/wp12.pdf - April 1, 2000

• Legal Aspects of Doing Business in China , Columbia University
  Examines the role of foreign lawyers in structuring large and complex transactions in the PRC. After an introductory session devoted to a description of recent legal reforms and of the political and legal institutions and procedures, the seminar focuses on the law and procedures related to several major types of transactions, including: land use rights, restructuring of state enterprises for purposes of foreign public offerings of their stock, joint contracting for extraction of oil and gas, tax and legal planning for a variety of types of foreign investment in the PRC, and finance of major construction projects such as power plants and highways.
  www.sipa.columbia.edu/CourseDescriptions/index.html - September 23, 2004

• Li, Wenhua , Harvard University
  Wenhua Li is a visiting scholar in the Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government. His research will focus on the comparison between the development of clean coal technology in China and the U.S.. Prior to coming to Harvard, he has worked as the deputy director of Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry of China Coal Research Institute. He is also the director of expert committee of clean coal technology subject of China National High Tech Programme ("863" programme) and the director of China National Technical Committee for Standardization of Coal. He gained his Ph.D in Chemical Engineering from China Coal Research Institute and he also earned a Master's Degree in Coal Chemical Engineering from China Coal Research Institute. He has worked in coal industry for about 20 years, and his research field covers coal characteristics, coal standardars, SO2 emission control and coal liquefaction technology.
  bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/person.cfm?order_by=name&program=CORE&ln=full&item_id=807 - October 28, 2004

• Malayan Chinese and China , Hara, Fujio
  This study focuses on the process by which China-oriented identity consciousness within the local Malayan Chinese community was transformed into Malaya-oriented identity consciousness. The author discusses the high point among the Chinese in Malaya of a China-oriented identity, its eventual decline, and the appearance of a deep-rooted Malayan identity in its place. He bases his study on analyses of Chinese-language newspapers and journals and Chinese organizations in Malaya (present-day Malaysia and Singapore) from the end of World War II until around 1960. He examines: (1) how the China-oriented identity of the whole Chinese community in Malaya was reflected in their political and social activity, (2) what kind of organizations participated in that activity, and (3) when and how such organizations began to foster (or be converted to) a Malayan identity, or when and how they disappeared (or were compelled to disband) before \"Malayanization\" could occur. The author also examines other important elements for measuring the level of China-oriented identity such as the policy that the Chinese government (including the Chinese consulates in Malaya) implemented at the local level, the influence that this policy exerted on Malayan Chinese, and the perception that the Chinese community in Malaya had of the Chinese government and its consulates. Looking at the conditions under which the Chinese community nurtured its Malayan identity and at the kind of movements it was linked to, the author seeks to lay out an overall picture of the evolution of Chinese identity consciousness and analyze its meaning.
  www.ide.go.jp/English/Publish/Books/Ops/033.html - November 16, 2004

• Master of Asia-Pacific Studies, Australian National University , The Australian National University
  The Master of Asia-Pacific Studies is an intensive graduate coursework degree designed for those seeking vocationally focused academic preparationÊin a career requiring an advanced understanding of the region. Core coursework will be methodological in character, providing an essential disciplinary focus for a progression to language and elective options centred on the cultural, social, historical and language context in analysing current issues. The program draws on the expertise of a wide range of internationally ranked scholars from all parts of the University, specialising in various disciplines and countries of the region.
  info.anu.edu.au/StudyAt/_Asian_Studies/Postgraduate/Programs/_7505XMAPS.asp - August 9, 2004

• Modern China , Columbia University
  Makes an attempt to conduct a deep analysis in terms of the major patterns of change in Chinese society during the 20th century, both before and after the establishment of the People's Republic.
  www.sipa.columbia.edu/CourseDescriptions/index.html - September 23, 2004

• Modern China and the West , University of British Columbia
  Modern China and the West. The invasion of China since the 1600s by western civilization; the impact of Chinese culture and of the modern Chinese revolution on the West, Canadian relations with China included. Open to students with no previous knowledge of China.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• Modern China since 1800 , University of Toronto
  An examination of political, social and economic developments in Chinese history from 1800 to the present day. Main topics are the decline of the Imperial order and the challenge of Western imperialism; the Republican period; the rise of the Communist movement; the People's Republic of China.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_his.htm - January 17, 2005

• Modern Chinese Fictions: Identity Politics in China , The Australian National University
  Modern Chinese fiction is a potentially powerful means for enhancing our understanding of present-day China. In recent years, with the rapid growth of translations of this literature into English, this potential is increasingly being realized. With the aim of understanding the people and culture of China, this courses examines twentieth–century fiction, in translation from late imperial times to the present. Selected novels and short stories will be read and discussed in relation top the social setting of the time. The course examines these influential works by using categories such as class and gender throughout. At the end of the semester, students should be able to intelligently discuss the general historical trends of twentieth century China that have impacted in the ways that Chinese writers fictionalise their world. Students should also have in-depth knowledge of the major works of several of the most important Chinese writers in the last hundred years.
  info.anu.edu.au/StudyAt/_Asian_Studies/Postgraduate/Courses/_ASIA6034.asp - January 11, 2005

• Modern Chinese History since 1840 , University of British Columbia
  Modern Chinese History since 1840. An analysis of changes in institutions and ideas in China from the late Imperial Period to the most recent developments of the Chinese Revolution. Approaches are thematic, by periods, and by problems.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• Modern Chinese History: Its Relevance for the Present , Thurston, Anne F.
  The course analyzes Chinese history from the Opium War to the present. Focuses on themes in China's political, social and economic development that continue to resonate today. Explores such issues as political orthodoxy and heterodoxy, the role of the emperor and the role of party leader, dynastic decline and political decay, traditional concepts of change, the Western intrusion and the evolution of Chinese nationalism, the Nationalist interregnum and interpretations of the Communist Party's rise to power.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/china/chinacourses.html - September 20, 2004

• Modern Chinese Society , University of Victoria
  This course traces the various attempts by China at economic development and socialist transformation since 1949. Particular emphasis will be placed on the impact of these policies on village life and the response of rural inhabitants in China.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2003/CDs/PACI/319B.html - September 22, 2004

• Modern Chinese Society , University of Victoria
  This course traces the various attempts by China at economic development and socialist transformation since 1949. Particular emphasis will be placed on the impact of these policies on village life and the response of rural inhabitants in China.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2003/CDs/PACI/319B.html - August 22, 2004

• Modernity and Nationhood in China , Hamilton College
  Examination of the social factors in the decline of imperial China in the 19th century, cultural interaction with Westerners and nationalist revolutions in the 20th century. Reevaluation of the coherence of nationhood in Chinese identity and Western impact as the crucial factor in the formation of modernism. No knowledge of Asian history required.
  www.hamilton.edu/applications/catalogue/catalogue_search.cfm?action=CourseDisplay&ID=2199 - August 26, 2004

• Out of Place and Out of School , West, Andy & Yang, Haiyu
  Quoted from abstract: \"Who are China\'s street children? The extent and nature of the issue are outlined here by Andy West and Yang Hai Yu, who for the last two years have been working with Save the Children UK to support government responses. They argue that the notion of \'street children\' encompasses many different situations, and that this suggests the need for a more integrated system of child protection.\"
  www.savethechildren.org.cn/doc/job01.doc - December 1, 2001

• Overhauling and Regulation Schools Set Up by Migrants , Jianzhong, Ding
  The article presents information on overhauling and regulating schools set up by migrants. An overall investigation of the fifty-nine schools set up by migrants was conducted and the results are reported. About 94.1 percent of the teaching materials used were from the national edition or People\'s Education Publishing House edition. These schools offered five, six, or nine years of education. The operators of the schools were between the ages of thirty-five and forty many were thirty-nine years old. The first migrant students who came to study in Shanghai arrived in 1987, whereas most came after 1996, and the largest number in 2001. They ranged between the ages of six and eighteen, with thirteen-year-olds in the majority. Journal article may only be available to subscribers of Chinese Education & Society.
  search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=afh&an=15808863 - September 1, 2004

• Papers on China , Nautilus Institute
  A list of publications on China. It contains links to the actual papers that cover various aspects of policial, economic, security and energy issues of the country.
  www.nautilus.org/papers/energy.html#aes - November 23, 2004

• Participation, Rights and Children Care in China , West, Andy
  Quoted from introduction: \"This paper looks at some participation examples and issues for children in care (that is in residential and foster care), but in the context of separation from family, protection and rights.Ê That is, first, children in care as part of a larger group of children who are separated from their families for a variety of reasons, such as abuse, trafficking, abandonment, and so on. Second, the broader perspective of social protection emerging from the development of child rights programming – that is, the development of services and initiatives for children based on analysis of their circumstances and rights.\"
  www.savethechildren.org.cn/doc/xiangmu26.doc - October 1, 2003

• Popular Culture and Contemporary Chinese Society , University of Alberta
  Cultural texts and social changes in contemporary China.
  www.arts.ualberta.ca/~eastasia/course_offerings.htm - September 21, 2004

• Popular Religious Movements in Modern China , University of Pennsylvania
  A topical approach to Ch'ing and 20th-century China at the intermediate level. No background necessary, although some Chinese history is an advantage. Topics include: religion in traditional Chinese society, millenarian movements, peasant rebellions, and the politicization of religious movements in the modern period. Seminar with intensive readings and a research paper.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - January 5, 2005

• Porter, Edgar A. , School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies
  Edgar A. Porter is the Interim Dean and Liaison for International Affairs at the School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies. Dr. Porter's research interest lies in the area of foreign involvement in China, and issues in international education.
  www.hawaii.edu/shaps/asia/faculty/porter-ea.html - November 5, 2004

• Poverty Among Children in Urban China: A Survey of Poverty-affected Families in Three Cities , Chen, W., Benyon, L. & Maher, K.
  Quoted from CHIP: "Based on research with 900 households in 3 Chinese cities, this report examines the situation of poor families and the implications for their children. It focuses particularly on families of laid-off workers and rural-urban migrants and children's health and educational prospects. Though all families interviewed valued education highly, migrant children's access to education is compromised by the additional fees payable by migrants. 45 per cent of poor urban families cannot afford to obtain 'user-pays' vaccinations for their children. The report concludes with recommendations of ways to boost family livelihoods, enhance children's access to health and education services and address the spcific problems facing rural-urban migrants."
  www.childhoodpoverty.org/index.php/action=documentfeed/doctype=pdf/id=96/ - January 1, 2005

• Problems in Modern Chinese History , Cornell University
  Conflicting interpretations of Chinese history during the late imperial period and the first half of the twentieth century.
  cuinfo.cornell.edu/Academic/Courses/CoSdetail.phtml?college=AS&number=493&prefix=HIST&title=Problems+in+Modern+Chinese+History+%28also+ASIAN+493%2F693+and+HIST+693%29+%40+%28III%29+%28HA%29 - September 27, 2004

• Proseminar in Chinese Cultural History , University of Southern California
  Intensive readings in English concerning interpretive issues in the study of Chinese cultural history.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - January 17, 2005

• Public Administration in Hong Kong , Hong Kong University
  Note: In order to access the course descriptions, select "Courses Offered" from the menu on the left and follow the links to corresponding Undergraduate courses. Public administration in Hong Kong has long been going through a series of reforms over the last decade or so. This course introduces students to the major issues confronting the bureaucracy, in particular its relationships to other actors in the political system and questions of accountability.
  www.hku.hk/ppaweb/ - January 11, 2005

• Reasings in Japanese History , University of Iowa
  The purpose of this course is to introduce students to recently published English-language scholarship on selected topics in modern Japanese history.
  isis2.uiowa.edu/isis/courses/detail/39J:257:001 - January 12, 2005

• Regional Chinese Language Center , Far Eastern National University
  The Chinese Language Center was established in 2000 with the assistance of the Ministry of Education of the Chinese People's Republic. It is the basis for training Sinologists in the Russian Far East, for holding scientific and methodical seminars and conferences, regional Chinese language contests for the students of Russian Far East, and other activities related to the Chinese Studies. The Center houses a library containing textbooks and scientific literature, audio- and videotapes, multi-media materials on China. The library is formed with the help of the Chinese Language Department teaching under Ministry of Education of the Chinese People's Republic. Starting in 2000, the Center annually administers Chinese Proficiency Test for Russian university students.
  www.fenu.ru/?a=page&id=401 - October 4, 2004

• Research Seminar in Chinese Documents , University of Southern California
  An introduction to the different genres of documents for the study of Chinese civilization, and training in their use.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - October 2, 2004

• Research Seminar on China , Bottelier
  The cource provides students the opportunity to research, in depth, some aspect of China's changing society, government and/or economy and to relate this research to broader comparative issues and analytic frameworks. Introduces students to research methodologies and interviewing techniques.
  www.sais-jhu.edu/programs/asia/china/chinacourses.html - September 20, 2004

• Saich, Tony , Saich, Tony
  Tony Saich is the Daewoo Professor of International Affairs at the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. From 1994 to July 1999, he was the Chief Representative of the China Office at the Ford Foundation in Beijing. Prior to this, he was the Director of the Sinological Institute, Leiden University, the Netherlands. His teaching and research focus on the interplay between state and society in Asia and the respective roles they play in determining policy-making and framing socio-economic development. He has written several books on development in China including China: Politics and Government (1981); China''s Science Policy in the 80s (1989); Revolutionary Discourse in Mao''s China (1994 with David E. Apter); and The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party (1996). He received his B.A. (Hons) from the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, his M.Sc. (Econ) from the School of Oriental and African Studies, London University, and his Ph.D. from Leiden University. He studied in China on a British Council reciprocal scholarship from 1976-77 and has visited China almost every year since. From 1988-90, he was a visiting research fellow at the Fairbank Center, Harvard University, and in the academic year 1992-93, he was a Visiting Professor at UCLA. He has taught at universities in England, Holland and the US.
  bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/person.cfm?order_by=name&program=ISP&ln=full&item_id=39 - October 28, 2004

• School of Sinology , Far Eastern National University
  English-language web site of the School of Sinology, a division of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Far Eastern National University, Vladivostok, Russia.
  www.fenu.ru/?a=page&id=383 - September 30, 2004

• Searching for Civil Society , Young, Nick
  This is China Development Brief Editor Nick Young's introduction to the organization's latest publication - "250 Chinese NGOS - Civil Society in the Making." The publication sets out to show that China does have a growing number of autonomous, nongovernmental organizations, and to make some of these more visible to the international donor community. The publication also aims to promote awareness among Chinese readers and policy makers that such organizations can play an important role in addressing emerging social needs.
  www.chinadevelopmentbrief.com/page.asp?sec=2&sub=3&pg=0 - April 20, 2005

• Selected Topic in Chinese Civilization (in translation) , Beloit College
  A seminar course involving study of selected topics in Chinese civilization. Topics may focus on a particular theme, such as an introduction to traditional Chinese culture, examination of a period, foreign influence on Chinese society, intersections of culture and society, Chinese cinema, arts and calligraphy. This course may be repeated for credit provided the topic differs each time. Taught in English.
  www.beloit.edu/~academic/fields/majors/modern_languages_literature_courses.php - January 11, 2005

• Selected Topics in Sociology of East Asia , University of California, Los Angeles
  Selected problems in China, or in China and Japan comparatively. Possible topics include (1) China's Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, (2) internal contradictions in Chinese society: male/female relations, city and countryside, minority nationalities, class struggle under socialism, etc., (3) China and Japan: two models of development.
  www.registrar.ucla.edu/schedule/catalog.asp?sa=SOCIOL+&funsel=3 - August 9, 2004

• Seminar on Social Continuity and Social Change in China , University of Victoria
  This seminar will explore selected aspects of modern and pre-modern China, focusing on the theme of social continuity and change as China moves from a Confucian state, through the Nationalist period, to a socialist state.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2003/CDs/PACI/420.html - May 19, 2003

• Seminar on Social Continuity and Social Change in China , University of Victoria
  This seminar will explore selected aspects of modern and pre-modern China, focusing on the theme of social continuity and change as China moves from a Confucian state, through the Nationalist period, to a socialist state. Oral presentations, written papers and participation in class discussion are required throughout the course.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2003/CDs/PACI/420.html - August 22, 2004

• Seminar: China , University of Southern California
  Individual research and seminar reports on selected phases of Chinese traditional civilization.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - October 2, 2004

• Seminar: China , University of Southern California
  Individual research and seminar reports on selected phases of Chinese traditional civilization.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - January 17, 2005

• Shambaugh, David L. , Shambaugh, David L.
  David Shambaugh is Professor of Political Science and International Affairs, Director of The China Policy Program in the Elliott School of International Affairs at The George Washington University (1996-present), and Nonresident Senior Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at The Brookings Institution (1998-present). Before joining the faculty at George Washington, he taught for eight years at the University of London's School of Oriental and African Studies, where he also served as Editor of the "China Quarterly" from 1991-96. He also served as Acting Director of the Asia Program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (1987-1988), and as an analyst in the Department of State Bureau of Intelligence and Research (1976-77), and the National Security Council staff (1977-78).
  www.gwu.edu/~elliott/facultystaff/shambaugh.cfm - October 14, 2004

• Shanghai!: Adventurer's Paradise? , Brown University
  A history of China's most cosmopolitan city, tracing its rise from a 'land of rice and fishes' to the 'Paris of the Orient.' Emphasis is on social and cultural topics, including immigration, labor, prostitution, organized crime, 'Shanghai faction' modernism, and fashion, as well as the city's transformations under Socialism.
  boca.brown.edu/nontopicsdet.asp?year=2004&term=1&crsCode=HI0197&SectCode=S046 - January 12, 2005

• Social History of China: From Empire to People's Republic , University of Pennsylvania
  This lecture course-the first of a two-part sequence-examines the history of late imperial China through the early 19th century. We begin with the Song Dynasty transformation: the rise of gentry society and imperial absolutism, the institution of Confucian orthodoxy, the shift of the population and the economic center of gravity to the south, the commercialization of the economy, and change in the relative status of women and men. We then trace China\'s subsequent political and social history, including the following themes: inner vs. outer court politics; law, government, and society; intellectuals and political dissent; gender, family, and kinship practices; patterns of peasant life and rebellion; traditional foreign relations and first contacts with the West; internal sources of the decline of imperial order.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - September 21, 2004

• Social Issues in Contemporary China , University of Pennsylvania
  China's transition to a market-oriented society has effected fundamental changes in the lives of citizens. This class will consider pressing social concerns that China must struggle to address as it continues down the path of market reforms. Using topical problems to illustrate broader issues of social inequality along lines of gender, ethnicity, residence status, and poverty status, the course will consider questions such as the following: How are women and men faring differently in China's new labor market and workplaces? Are rural peasants and the emerging underclass of urban laid-off workers being left behind by market transition? How are minorities faring in China's transition? How does the emerging digital divide play into the dichotomies of east-west and urban-rural in China? What is the plight of millions of "floaters" migrating into China's cities, with minimal legal rights and protections? Can China's rapidly-changing public health system handle emerging diseases such as SARS and AIDS? How has the one-child policy affected women, children, and society in China? Who are the "missing girls" of China, and what are the social implications of their disappearance? How has the welfare of children and adolescents changed with market reforms? The class will combine lectures, academic readings, case studies, films, and discussions.
  www.ssc.upenn.edu/soc/Courses/fall2004courselistings.html - September 23, 2004

• Social Structure and Social Change in China , University of Victoria
  This course attempts to provide interpretations for the "development of underdevelopment" of China: the various structural, cultural as well as external barriers obstructing China's various attempts to modernize and industrialize in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It also examines the counterculture of China in the form of secret societies and peasant movements which paved the way for the triumph of Mao in 1949.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2002/CDs/PACI/319A.html - September 22, 2004

• Social Structure and Social Change in China , University of Victoria
  This course attempts to provide interpretations for the "development of underdevelopment" of China: the various structural, cultural as well as external barriers obstructing China's various attempts to modernize and industrialize in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It also examines the counterculture of China in the form of secret societies and peasant movements which paved the way for the triumph of Mao in 1949.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2002/CDs/PACI/319A.html - August 22, 2004

• State and Society in 20th Century China , University of Toronto
  This course explores China\'s efforts to construct a modern and effective political order in the face of powerful demographic and revolutionary challenges. The clash between competing ideologies, political and social movements and institutional alternatives in the context of rapid social and economic change are analyzed.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#JMC301Y1 - January 17, 2005

• Studies in Chinese Thought , University of Southern California
  Chinese thought, particularly as formulated in the great traditions; Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - October 2, 2004

• Suggested Policy Prescriptions and Countermeasures for Preventing HIV/AIDS , Li, Dongli
  Assessing Wasserheit\'s \"Dynamics of STIs\" as well as underlying social and cultural issues facing China, this article assesses the state of HIV/AIDS in China in four contexts: the epidemiology of STIs, the problem with China\'s dismissive attitude toward STIs and HIV/AIDS, linking intervention and prevention to family planning, and three relevant goals (use the masses to reach out to the most vulnerable populations, compile HIV/AIDS information to disseminate throughout China for educational purposes, and have print media, especially those directedÊtowards women,Êrepeatedly carry the messages of laborers about HIV/AIDS). Finally, the author concludes by adapting the American James D. Shelton\'s work, \"Prevention First: A Three-Pronged Strategy To Integrate Family Planning Program Efforts Against HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections\" to the Chinese case.
  www.cpirc.org.cn/yjwx/yjwx_detail.asp?id=913 - March 28, 2005

• Sung, Wen-Ching , Harvard University
  Wen-Ching Sung is a Pre-doctoral Fellow in the Science, Technology and Globalization Project, an activity of the Science, Technology and Public Policy Program at the Belfer Center for International Affairs. Wen-Ching is a doctoral candidate focusing on medical anthropology and social studies of science in the Department of Anthropology at Harvard. Her research interests include 1) trans-nationalization of science and technology, 2) co-production of social factors, diseases, medical knowledge, and treatments, 3) alternative medicines, and 4) reproductive and regenerative medicines. For her dissertation research, she conducted fieldwork in 2002 at Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), which participated in several international genome sequencing projects including the Human Genome Project. With this instituted-centered approach, she hopes to discuss the transnationalization of genomics from a perspective of a developing country on the one hand, and the dynamics of scientific transformation in post-Mao China on the other.
  bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/person.cfm?order_by=name&program=CORE&ln=full&item_id=886 - October 28, 2004

• Suzhou , Marme, Michael
  This book shows how, though Suzhou entered the Ming defeated and suspect, interactions between the imperial state and local elites gave rise to a network of markets, centered on Suzhou, that fostered high-quality local specialization.
  www.sup.org/cgi-bin/search/book_desc.cgi?book_id=3112%20 - February 22, 2005

• Taiwan: Internal Development and Foreign Affairs , George Washington University
  Analysis of the political, social, and economic development of Taiwan since WW II and foreign policy issues.
  www.gwu.edu/~eastasia/courses/grd_desc.htm - August 12, 2004

• Textual Analysis of Classical Chinese Philosophy , University of Toronto
  Readings of texts from ancient and medieval Chinese philosophy. Beginning by linguistic (especially semantic) analysis of key words, structure and meaning of sentences, paragraphs and text as a whole. Philosophical analysis proceeds from linguistic analysis.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#EAS407H1 - January 17, 2005

• The Changing Face of China , Hamilton College
  Study and analysis through selected journals and magazines. Students will examine aspects of the changing face of China, including in-depth coverage of population, housing and employment policies. Taught in Chinese.
  www.hamilton.edu/applications/catalogue/catalogue_search.cfm?action=CourseDisplay&ID=300 - August 26, 2004

• The Chinese Overseas: Conference Course , Harvard University
  In modern times, Chinese migrants have settled in more than 100 countries worldwide and have contributed significantly to the integration of the world economy. Their struggles to find a future in their adopted lands is a major theme in modern history. Explores aspects of Chinese emigration, including "globalization" and migration; colonial and post-colonial societies in Southeast Asia; the Americas, Europe, and Australasia; Chinese economic enterprise; and the changing role of China itself.
  www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~hst1834/ - December 31, 2001

• The Chinese: Society and Culture in Transition , University of Toronto
  The course explores issues of identity, self, and community among other topics in a broad exploration of cultural transformation in China.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#EAS340H1 - January 17, 2005

• The Civilization of Late Imperial China , University of British Columbia
  Evolution of Chinese civilization from ca. C.E. 1000 to ca. 1600. The political and cultural legacy of the Sung period, the impact of the period of Mongol domination; the Ming period. The cultures of peoples who ruled all or parts of China will be touched upon.
  www.asia.ubc.ca/courses/history.htm - January 18, 2005

• The Development of Greater China , University of Tronto
  To achieve an in-depth understanding of China, this course discusses China's national and international issues in the "living textbook." It emphasizes current events and hot topics in the media. The focus may vary depending on current events and the instructor's interests.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm#EAS476Y0 - August 11, 2004

• The Emergence of Modern China , Harvard University
  Can a nation's quest for modernity draw upon its historical experience? In what respects must its history be cast aside? We shall explore the complex relationships between China's imperial history and her modern experience. Emphasis of this course will be on analysis of primary sources, in translation, to understand the Chinese experience through the writings of those who lived it.
  www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~hist1824/Syllabus/aasyllabus.doc - August 24, 2004

• The Family in England and China: Continuity and Change , University of Pennsylvania
  This course compares the evolution of the family in England and China, from the 16th century to the present. Drawing on materials from history and sociology, it will emphasize elements of continuity in the structure of the family, and the interactions between the family and the broader society, in both countries during a period of tumultuous social change.
  ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ceas/eacourses.html#Description - September 21, 2004

• The Far Side of the Old World: Perspectives on Chinese Culture , Brown University
  A survey of traditional Chinese culture focusing on the major literary and artistic achievements of six major periods in Chinese history, including philosophical texts, poetry, various forms of the fine arts, and vernacular fiction and drama. A broad range of primary materials will give the student greater insight and appreciation of Chinese culture in general and also provide a foundation for further study of East Asia in other disciplines.
  - January 12, 2005

• The Geography of Contemporary China and Its Place in a Globalizing World Economy , Muldavin, Joshua
  In this yearlong seminar we will explore China\\\'s evolving place in greater Asia and the Pacific Rim through regional political-economic integration efforts and globalization processes. This will allow brief introductions of neighboring countries including Japan and the Koreas in East Asia; the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, and other countries of Southeast Asia; India, Nepal, Pakistan, and other countries of South Asia; Russia, the former Soviet republics of Central Asia and Afghanistan. In China, the primary focus of the course, we will explore the impact of the post-1978 reforms. From agrarian change and rural development, to urban and industrial transformations, to Hong Kong\\\'s return and China\\\'s emergence as a global superpower, we will analyze the complex intertwining of the environmental, political-economic, and socio-cultural aspects of these processes as we interpret the geography of contemporary China. We will begin with an overview of contemporary China, discussing the unique aspects of China\\\'s modern history, contemplating the changes and continuities that exist from one era to the next. Using a variety of theoretical perspectives, we will analyze a series of debates — environment/development conflicts, the moral economy debate, the role of the state, globalization and regional transformation issues, and the roots of the Tian\\\'anmen student and social movement. Theoretical debates will revolve around the concepts and constructs of sustainable development, welfare of the peasantry and vulnerability, changing intra-household relations, modernization and socialist transition. We will follow this with analyses of popular culture, recent issues of Hong Kong\\\'s transition, and border region/minority conflicts. China borders many of the most volatile places in the contemporary world. Thus we will conclude with a discussion of security issues and geopolitics, the 16th Party Congress, and potential scenarios for China\\\'s future. Other trends in China\\\'s evolving path will also be examined as time permits. Throughout the seminar there will be openness to comparisons with other areas of the world within the context of the broader theoretical and thematic questions mentioned above. Weekly lectures, films, mass media, and selected readings will be used to inform debate and discussion. A two-part structured conference project will integrate closely with one of the diverse topics of the seminar. Open to any interested student. Some experience in the social sciences desired but not required.
  pages.slc.edu/~muldavin/courses.html - February 2, 2005

• The People's Republic of China at Fifty , Scalapino, Robert A.
  This study addresses the PRC's likely political and economic future and China's regional and global role in the twenty-first century. China's foreign policy priorities primary among which is the effort to curb what China perceives as U.S. "hegemonism" are outlined and the PRC's future relations with the nations in the Asia-Pacific are projected. China's future politics are likely to be dominated by authoritarian-pluralism and strengthened international mechanisms for the resolution of issues and the enforcement of agreements will be crucial to China's positive interaction with regional and global partners. Although the PRC will attempt to counter U.S. efforts, the United States will play an important role in maintaining the balance of power in the Asia-Pacific.
  www.nbr.org/publications/analysis/vol10no4/v10n4.pdf - October 1, 1999

• The Peoples of China , Hamilton College
  Examination of diversity in the peoples and cultures of modern China. Emphasis on national integration, minority relations and differential effects of economic, social and educational policies.
  www.hamilton.edu/applications/catalogue/catalogue_search.cfm?action=CourseDisplay&ID=1848 - August 26, 2004

• Themes of Modern Chinese History , Vanderbilt University
  Intensive reading, discussion, and short papers on selected themes in Chinese social and cultural history. Particular topics vary from semester to semester.
  www.vanderbilt.edu/catalogs/undergrad/history.html - October 4, 2004

• Thomas J. Bickford, Ph.D. , Thomas J. Bickford
  Associate Professor of Political Science at University of Wisconsin Oshkosh. Research interests include Chinese Politics, International Relations and Comparative Politics.
  uwosh.edu/political_science/ThomasBickford.htm - October 8, 2004

• Tkacik, John J. , Heritage Foundation
  John Tkacik is a 23-year veteran of the U.S. State Department, John Tkacik joined the Asian Studies Center of The Heritage Foundation in 2001. As a research fellow in the foundation's Asian Studies Center, Tkacik (pronounced TASS-ick) analyzes policies and events concerning China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao.
  www.heritage.org/About/Staff/JohnTkacik.cfm - October 22, 2004

• Topics in Chinese Culture and Society , University of Texas at Austin
  Study of various aspects and periods of Chinese culture and society. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Topic 1: Advanced Readings in Chinese Politics. Same as Government 390L (Topic 19: Advanced Readings in Chinese Politics). Asian Studies 380T (Topic: Advanced Readings in Chinese Politics) and 381 (Topic 1) may not both be counted. Additional prerequisite: Twenty-four semester hours of coursework in government or related fields, and consent of the graduate adviser. Topic 2: Confucian Texts. Topic 3: Daoist Texts. Asian Studies 380T (Topic 44: Daoist Texts and 381 (Topic 3) may not both be counted.
  www.utexas.edu/student/registrar/catalogs/grad03-05/ch4/la/ans.crs.html - January 18, 2005

• Topics in Chinese Society , University of California, Los Angeles
  Introduction to current research questions in Chinese sociology, as well as major themes in study of Chinese society, both historical and contemporary, including demographic, economic, political, and social change before and after 1949.
  www.registrar.ucla.edu/schedule/catalog.asp?sa=SOCIOL+&funsel=3 - August 9, 2004

• Topics in Late Imperial and Modern Chinese History , University of Toronto
  A seminar on aspects of Chinese history from 1368 to the present, with emphasis on social history. Topics vary and include: social structure in Ming-Qing China; religion and ritual in Chinese society; Chinese popular culture. Topic for 2003-04: Topics in the history of Chinese popular religion.
  www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca/ofr/calendar/crs_his.htm - January 17, 2005

• Trials of a Tibetan Monk: The Case of Tenzin Delek , Human Rights Watch
  Quoted from Human Rights Watch: "This 108-page report by Human Rights Watch says that the persecution of Tenzin Delek Rinpoche, a highly-respected Tibetan lama facing a death sentence on unproven allegations of involvement in a bombing, highlights the ongoing strictures placed on Tibetans in China. In recent years, the Chinese government has consolidated secular control at the expense of monastic influence. Human Rights Watch says that the international community should raise Tenzin Delek’s case at every opportunity in meetings with Chinese officials and press the Chinese government to bring to account those officials who have persecuted this man and his community."
  hrw.org/reports/2004/china0204/china0204.pdf - February 1, 2004

• Tx Implctns / Bsnss in GRTR China , Duke University
  This course will be taught at a law school in Hong Kong.  The course examines the tax implications for foreign investment and doing business in Greater China, including the People's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Taiwan. Highlight on the major taxes on investment and business activities in those areas. Review of certain tax policy issues arising out of this study and consider possible future taxation developments. Instructor: Law Faculty
  www.siss.duke.edu/schedule/0830/LAW/271H/ - August 22, 2004

• Urban Poverty, Childhood Poverty and Social Protection in China: Critical Issues , Solomon, Colette et al
  Quoted from CHIP: "This report examines some of the ways that rapid change in urban China has affected children. It focuses on rural-urban migration, the restructuring of state-owned enterprises and social security reforms, in particular the 'dibao' (Minimum Living Standards) programme. Given increasing problems of poor children's access to health and education services, it recommends that the 'dibao' programme builds in additional allowances to meet the costs of these services, and that children's welfare becomes a central principle of comprehensive social policy."
  www.childhoodpoverty.org/index.php/action=documentfeed/doctype=pdf/id=83/ - January 1, 2004

• Wang, Lu , Wang, Lu
  Lu Wang is currently an assistant professor at Queen's University at Kingston, Canada. Her research Areas include: consumption and identity, Multicultural retailing and ethnic economies, Economic geography, Mixed methods in geographical research. Lu Wang's current research activities consist of a Geomatics Approach to Immigrant Settlement Service: The Integration of Supply and Demand over Space and Time.
  geog.queensu.ca/profiles/profiles_wang.html - October 28, 2004

• Wilson, Thomas , Hamilton College
  Wilson, who joined the Hamilton faculty in 1989, earned a master's and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. He also studied in Taiwan, at the Inter-University Program for Chinese Language Studies (or Stanford Center), and in the graduate department of history at the National Taiwan University. He returned to Taiwan in 1984 on a Department of Education Fulbright-Hays scholarship to conduct research for his dissertation. Wilson has been a member of the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton NJ, and he has received a National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship and Summer Stipend. He has written extensively on Confucian orthodoxy and is a board member of the Society for the Study of Chinese Religions.Ê Wilson edited \"On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics, and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius" (Harvard, 2003), to which he also contributed two chapters and is currently co-authoring a cultural history of Confucius titled "Confucius through the Ages," to be published by Random House.
  www.hamilton.edu/academics/faculty.html?dept=Asian%20Studies - November 4, 2004

• Women and Gender in China: Past and Present , University of Southern California
  An examination of changes in gender roles and in constructs of the female as influenced by traditional Chinese thought and later social developments.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ealc/courses.php - October 2, 2004

• WTO and China , Duke University
  This course will examine key elements of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements, as well as China's particular obligations and specific commitments, and assess their impact on systemic governance and the regulation of trade and investment in China. The course will also examine selected aspects of PRC foreign investment law, beginning with an overview of available forms of business in China.
  www.siss.duke.edu/schedule/0950/LAW/218H/ - August 12, 2004

• WTO and China , Duke University
  This course will examine key elements of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements, as well as China's particular obligations and specific commitments, and assess their impact on systemic governance and the regulation of trade and investment in China. The course will also examine selected aspects of PRC foreign investment law, beginning with an overview of available forms of business in China. Instructor: Law Faculty
  www.siss.duke.edu/schedule/0950/LAW/218H/ - August 22, 2004

• Yang, Guobin , Woodrow Wilson Internatoinal Center for Scholars
  Guobin Yang is an expert in voluntary associations and NGOs in China; Internet and democracy; social movements; and transnational civil society. His current project is a study of the developments of the Internet and environmental NGOs are two important recent phenomena in China. They have attracted much academic and political interest independently, yet their interactions have not been explored. This project examines how China's environmental NGOs respond to the Internet in their efforts to solve environmental problems and achieve organizational growth. By exploring the role of the Internet in networking, mobilization, citizen education, and the politicization of environmental issues, the analysis will show that the wedding of civil society organizations with new information technologies may strengthen the institutional infrastructures for grassroots democratic participation in China.
  wwics.si.edu/index.cfm?topic_id=1462&fuseaction=topics.profile&person_id=34972 - October 21, 2004

• Zhao, Jimin , University of Michigan
  Dr. Jimin Zhao's research Interests include environmental policy, planning, and management, energy policy and technology innovation, clean vehicle policy and technology, international environmental institutions, environmental impact assessment, and Chinese environmental and energy policy. Dr. Zhao's current/recent research Projects include: 1. Directing project on energy policy and technology development in China and Sino-US cooperation in the energy field, focusing on clean vehicles, clean coal and renewable energy. The project aims to craft and catalyze a set of policies and institutions that can stimulate research, development, and deployment of energy technologies to address not only climate issues but also a full range of energy-related challenges of the 21st century. The work on clean vehicles is being undertaken in collaboration with China’s Ministry of Science and Technology and Chinese researchers and consists of international workshops and in-depth case study interviews with key actors in China and the United States. It aims to analyze the barriers preventing China from developing its technological capability in the automotive sector, and to help the Chinese government design policy mechanisms that can assist the automotive industry in adopting clean vehicle technologies (hybrid and fuel cell) to catch up with or leapfrog world technology levels 2. Participate in project on “Sustainable Concrete Infrastructure Materials and Systems: Developing an Integrated Life Cycle Design Framework,” applying life cycle models to assess the sustainability of road infrastructure systems in China, in cooperation with Tsinghua University 3. Continue to study the implementation of international environmental agreements in China and understand the incentives and barriers facing developing countries in complying with these agreements.
  www.snre.umich.edu/faculty-staff-directory/faculty-detail.php?faculty_id=192 - October 28, 2004

• Zheng, Wang , Center for Chinese Studies
  Professor Wang completed her doctorate in History with a designated emphasis in Social Theory and Comparative History at UC Davis in 1995, and joined the faculty of the University of Michigan in 2001. Her research interests include the study of women in contemporary China, gender and Maoist urban reorganization, gender studies and pedagogy in China.
  141.211.136.209/ccs/FacultyListDetail.asp?ID=53 - October 29, 2004

• Zhu, Zhiqun , Zhu, Zhiqun
  Professor Zhu has taught at Hamilton College in New York, University of South Carolina, and Shanghai International Studies University. In the early 1990s, he worked as the chief information assistant to the Consul for Press and Cultural Affairs at the American Consulate General in Shanghai. Dr. Zhu has published several book chapters on US-China relations. His articles have appeared in "Asian Perspective", "Global Economic Review", "Journal of Asia-Pacific Affairs", "Journal of Chinese Political Science" and elsewhere. His book, "US-China Relations in the 21st Century: Managing a Potential Power Transition", is to be published in 2005. The BBC, Associated Press and other media outlets have interviewed Zhu for his views on US policy towards Asia.
  www2.hawaii.edu/~pollard/advisory.html - October 7, 2004

          BACK TO TOP

• Asian Nation Studies: China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• Asian Studies Seminar: Scope and Methods Section C: China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• China and Asia in the 21st Century , Curley, Melissa, and Thomas, Nicholas
  This lecture will discuss: Chinese foreign policy and regional affairs, China and the Northeast Asia, China and Taiwan (and Hong Kong), China and Southeast Asia, China and South Asia, Issues in Chinese foreign policy, human rights, the environment, security concerns,Êand will include a guest diplomatic lecturers.
  www.hku.hk/cas/bc/part1.pdf - August 6, 2004

• China and the World , Ren, Yue
  Note: In order to access the course descriptions, select \"Courses Offered\" from the menu on the left and follow the links to corresponding UndergraduateÊcourses. China\'s place in the world has changed dramatically since the establishment of the People\'s Republic of China in 1949. How do we account for the transformation of the country\'s position from being a Soviet ally challenging the West, to an independent radical revolutionary state, and then reform-minded country eager to join the international community? As communism collapsed elsewhere after the end of the Cold War China is becoming an emerging global power practising \'socialism with Chinese characteristics\'. How do we understand and analyze China\'s relations with the rest of the world? This course examines China\'s interaction with the rest of the world since 1949, with reference on competing perspectives including power-political, economic inter-dependence and historical-cultural analysis. The course concludes with a critical assessment of China\'s position in a globalizing world.
  www.hku.hk/ppaweb/ - August 6, 2004

• China in International Affairs , University of Southern California
  Economic reform, the open door, and China's changing role in the international system. Relations with the United States, Japan, and other key powers in Asia. Tensions between the interests of American business and the human rights community over China policy.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ir/programs/syllabus.htm - September 21, 2004

• China: From Revolution to Reform , Boston University
  Introduction to modern Chinese politics including the development of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the political development of the PRC since its founding in 1949. Focus is on the party's official policy and its changing relationships with the people of China.
  www.bu.edu/ir/undergrad/undergradcourses.html - September 22, 2004

• Chinese Communist Party Under Reform , University of British Columbia
  This is an advanced reading course designed for graduate students in the MAPPS program, Political Science, History or Asian Studies. Previous study of China or advanced study of state socialist systems is required. The course will cover the structure, function, and issues facing the CCP with a focus on the reforms in the post-Mao period and scholarly approaches and interpretations of these issues
  www.iar.ubc.ca/mapps/courses2003/iar515L.html - August 5, 2004

• Chinese Development , Princeton University
  A consideration of policies for political and economic development during modern times, especially since 1949. Topics include traditional politics and agriculture, the revolutionary party, land reform and industrial socialization, tax and investment, the campaign method, the army, and the "four modernizations." Each subject is discussed in terms that allow comparison with other countries.
  www.princeton.edu/pr/catalog/gsa/03/326.htm - August 12, 2004

• Chinese Foreign policy , Tang, James
  Note: In order to access the course descriptions, select \"Courses Offered\" from the menu on the left and follow the links to corresponding Graduate courses. This course is an in-depth survey of Chinese foreign policy since 1949. It begins with a framework of analysis for studying Chinese foreign policy. Different models and explanations are used in analyzing Chinese foreign policy. Some special emphasis is placed on the revolutionary source of Chinese foreign policy and China\'s position in the changing international environment during the Cold War and beyond.
  www.hku.hk/ppaweb/ - August 6, 2004

• Chinese Foreign Policy , Naval Postgraduate School
  Naval Postgraduate School NSA Regional Security Studies: Far East, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific course listing, including "Chinese Foreign Policy."
  www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/nsa/farEast.asp - August 9, 2004

• Chinese Foreign Policy , University of Southern California
  Research problems in political, economic, military, and ideological issues.
  www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ir/programs/syllabus.htm - September 21, 2004

• Chinese Foreign Policy , Princeton University
  Intensive analysis of major questions in Chinese foreign policy, with particular emphasis on issues and major events in Sino-American relations. Other topics include Sino-Soviet relations and the origins and development of the strategic triangle, Sino-Vietnamese relations, China's use of force, the international implications of China's open-door policy, and China's changing worldview. The seminar draws on both general works in international relations and materials dealing specifically with China. The course covers historical analysis as well as policy-oriented studies.
  www.princeton.edu/pr/catalog/gsa/03/326.htm - August 12, 2004

• Chinese Foreign Policy , Claremont McKenna College
  Examines China's contemporary foreign policy with emphasis on its structure and processes and China's changing relations with the United States, the former Soviet Union, Japan, and other Asian and Pacific countries. It focuses on such issues as international perceptions, negotiating tactics, open-door economic policy, and strategic orientations.
  claremontmckenna.edu/admission/catalog/2003-2004/htmls/majors/government.asp#courses - August 12, 2004

• Chinese Politics , Princeton University
  Traditional politics; the rise of warlords, nationalists, and radicals; causes of the "Liberation", land reform, Hundred Flowers, Great Leap Forward, Cultural Revolution, and Four Modernizations; policies of Mao and Deng for development, health, law, and rights.
  www.princeton.edu/pr/catalog/ua/03/304.htm - August 12, 2004

• Chinese Politics , Princeton University
  A survey of basic interpretative and methodological issues in Chinese politics. The specific focus of the course varies from year to year.
  www.princeton.edu/pr/catalog/gsa/03/326.htm - August 12, 2004

• Chinese Politics: From Revolution to Reform , Boston University
  Introduction to modern Chinese politics including the development of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the political development of the PRC since its founding in 1949. Focus is on the party's official policy and its changing relationships with the people of China.
  www.bu.edu/eas/courses.html - September 22, 2004

• Chinese Politics: The Transformation and the Era of Reform , Stanford University
  Professor Jean Oi's course discusses the content, process, and consequences of reform in China from 1976 to the present. Changes in property rights, markets, credit, and the role of the state in economic development are also covered.
  aparc.stanford.edu/courses/673/ - September 21, 2004

• Comparative Politics of China and Northeast Asia , George Washington University
  Political institutions and processes of China (including Taiwan), Japan, and Korea since WW II. Influence of indigenous traditions and foreign contacts.
  www.gwu.edu/~eastasia/courses/ug_desc.htm - August 12, 2004

• Contemporary Chinese Development , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• Foreign Policy of the People's Republic of China , Boston University
  Explores China's perception of its role in the world, its evolution from a regional to a world power, and its security and economic relationships within the international system. Relationships with the superpowers, Third World, and world economy, focusing on technology and capital transfers.
  www.bu.edu/eas/courses.html - September 22, 2004

• Foreign Policy of the People's Republic of China , George Washington University
  Readings and research on the main approaches to analyzing China's foreign policy and foreign relations.
  www.gwu.edu/~eastasia/courses/grd_desc.htm - August 12, 2004

• Graduate Seminar: Approaches to Chinese Politics , Stanford University
  This seminar, taught by Professor Jean Oi, provides bibliographic control of the major secondary literature on Chinese politics, organized around theoretical concepts and issues found in studies of the Chinese political system.
  aparc.stanford.edu/courses/678/ - September 21, 2004

• Intergovernmental Relations in Greater China , University of Hong Kong
  See Courses Offered.
  www.hku.hk/ppaweb/ - August 6, 2004

• International Relations Theory and China's Foreign Relations , Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  Graduate seminar attempts to bridge the gap between Chinese area studies and international relations theory. Students think theoretically about China's foreign relations and ask what challenges Chinese cases pose for the existing theoretical literature. Analysis of the applicability of structural theories of international politics; two-level approaches that link international and domestic factors; ideational and normative approaches; and psychological theories of leadership decision-making. Discussion of sources and methods in researching Chinese foreign policy.
  student.mit.edu/catalog/m17b.html#17.404 - September 18, 2004

• Introduction to Chinese Politics , Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania
  This course will examine China's recent political history, the structures and functions of its political system, current political and economic developments in China, and assessments of China's place in the new global order.
  academics.sru.edu/catalog/courses_4.asp#pols - September 21, 2004

• Issues in Contemporary China , Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  Preparatory subject for MIT students who go to China on internships with the International Science & Technology Initiative (MISTI). Subject explores some critical issues in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong today. Eight sessions are taught by different MIT professors or outside experts, covering important aspects of Chinese life and/or China's current relationship with the outside world. Topics include health issues, Sino-US relations, economic transformation, and human rights. One weekend session on the skills needed to successfully navigate Chinese society. Limited to students accepted to MISTI internships to China.
  student.mit.edu/catalog/m17b.html#17.549 - September 19, 2004

• Politics and Development: China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• Politics in the People's Republic of China , University of Southern California
  The Chinese revolution; social, political, and economic developments in post-1949 China; China after Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung).
  www.usc.edu/dept/publications/cat2003/las/LAS_POSC/coi.html - September 21, 2004

• Politics of China , Concordia University
  This course focuses on political development of China. Topics include political mobilization, economic development, democracy, and the policy process.
  artsandscience.concordia.ca/politicalscience/Courses_Description.html - August 5, 2004

• Politics of China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan , University of Richmond
  Study of contemporary political history of China; analysis of political systems of the People's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the Republic of China on Taiwain; and discussion of key political, economic, and military issues.
  polisci.richmond.edu/curriculum/plsc_345.htm - August 12, 2004

• Problems and Issues in Post-Mao China , Boston University
  An in-depth examination of politics in post-Mao China, this course focuses on several critical issues and uses various conceptual frameworks to try to understand why the reform process broke down and examines prospects for the future.
  www.bu.edu/ir/gradcourses.html - September 22, 2004

• Seminar in Taiwanese Studies , University of Victoria
  An extensive study of selected major issues in 20th century Taiwan. Major themes will be problems of liberal democracy and revolutionary movements, evaluation of the "economic miracle," emergence of nationalism, and prospects for Sino-Taiwanese relations.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2004/CDs/PACI/417.html - August 6, 2004

• Seminar on Social Continuity and Social Change in China , University of Victoria
  This seminar will explore selected aspects of modern and pre-modern China, focusing on the theme of social continuity and change as China moves from a Confucian state, through the Nationalist period, to a socialist state. Oral presentations, written papers and participation in class discussion are required throughout the course.
  web.uvic.ca/calendar2004/CDs/PACI/420.html - August 6, 2004

• Society and Politics in China , University of Hawaii at Manoa
  No course description at this site.
  www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/programs/chinese_courses.html - September 18, 2004

• 20th-Century China , Huang, Philip C.
  The course examines modern Chinese history against the three dominant ideological views of it.
  www.sscnet.ucla.edu/04S/hist184-1/ - August 6, 2004

• A Commentary on the Communist Party's Fifteenth Central Committee Plenary Session , Zhang, Chun Xiang
  The Communist Party of China's (CCP) fifteenth Central Committee's sixth meeting was held in Beijing from September 24 to 26th.Ê The meeting discussed "Strengthening the CCP and improving the Party's decision making style."Ê Following the conference, reports questioned China's future as a peacefully developing and stable country, the challenges facing relations with Taiwan, and Taiwan's role as a working model of democraticy.Ê The following article will comment on debate surrounding this governmental meeting.
  www.npic.edu.tw/~chchang/15th6.htm - December 2, 2004

• A Study of the Political Interaction Between Taiwan and Mainland China (1995-2000) , Lee, Ming-Yi
  This isÊa doctoral dissertation in interdisciplinary studies examining the political interaction between Taiwan and Mainland China (1995-2000).
  etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0731101-115607 - July 31, 2001

• Bachman, David , University of Washington
  Dr. David Bachman is a specialist inÊChinese domestic and foreign politics as well asÊU.S.-China relations. Dr. Bachman is aÊPost-Doctoral Fellow, Center for Chinese Studies, at the University of California, Berkeley, 1983-84.
  jsis.artsci.washington.edu/cv/faccv/a-e/bachman.html - November 5, 2004

• Beijing Red Guard Factionalism: Social Interpretations Reconsidered , Walder, Andrew
  A generation of research on Red Guard politics has traced the origins of its debilitating factionalism to social and political divisions that were well established among students on the eve of the Cultural Revolution. These social interpretations impute political motives to student activists according to their positions in the pre-Cultural Revolution status quo. However, a closer examination of events during the summer and early autumn of 1966 in Beijing where the Red Guards and their factional divisions first emerged suggests a different interpretation. Factions took shape when student activists from similar social backgrounds responded differently to ambiguous and rapidly changing political signals. These initial acts left students on opposite sides of a growing political divide and exposed them to unforeseen risks as the movement took unpredictable turns. In this interpretation, student divisions are rooted in political interactions in the early phases of the conflict itself. Red Guard factions did not emerge in Beijing as expressions of opposed group interests based on pre-existing social divisions, but as struggles to vindicate earlier actions and avoid the harsh fate of political victims.
  iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/20204/Walder_Beijing.pdf - January 1, 2001

• Building Trust in the United States-China Relationship , Choate, Allen C.
  This paper expresses that the United States-China relationship lacks traction. There are neither sufficient mutually perceived common interests nor adequate and shared long-term goals in the relationship that allow both countries to weather the inevitable buffeting by single episodes and incidents. In recent times that list includes United States objections to what it considers to be human rights violations within China, China\'s entry into the World Trade Organization, United States charges of Chinese sales of weapons of mass destruction, the Hong Kong transition, the issue of Most Favored Nation status for China, the ongoing exposure of Asian contributions to American political campaigns, and Chinese state enterprise investments and sales in the United States. All of these issues not only influence the relationship, they actually drive it. The essay concludes with some suggestions about what needs to be done and what can be done to improve the relationship.
  www.asiafoundation.org/pdf/wp4.pdf - October 1, 1997

• Chen, Yali (Lily) , Center for Defense Information
  Yali Chen is a Research Analyst for the Center for Defense Information. Chen runs "Washington Observer, a leading source of Chinese-language news analysis on US domestic politics, foreign policy, defense issues, economy and social/cultural life. Before joining CDI, Yali Chen studied at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs in Princeton University and received her masters degree in international relations in June 2002.
  www.cdi.org/staff/staffinfo.cfm?StaffID=86&&Orderby=LName&ProgramID=27&Program=&Name=&Issue=&keywords=&from_page=index - November 8, 2004

• China and International Law , University of Pennsylvania
  China\'s engagement with the international legal order has expanded greatly during the last quarter-century. The PRC has become a member of most major international organizations, enacted elaborate legal frameworks for foreign investment and trade, acceded to (or promised to accede to) major international conventions, entered into a host of bilateral treaties and agreements, and engaged in debates and disputes concerning international human rights and the rule of law. This seminar examines contemporary China\'s approach to international law, focusing on how China has understood and addressed key principles and doctrines of international law, and on international legal disputes and issues that have been important for China (including Taiwan and Hong Kong).Introductory sessions will focus on major themes in ChinaÕs earlier approach to international law, including those that emerged during the Maoist/high socialist period, the 19th century encounter with Western international law, and \"traditional\" Chinese approaches to international law (during the late imperial period and in classical Chinese though