BACK TO TOP

          BACK TO TOP

          BACK TO TOP

• Characteristics of Chinese Human Smugglers , Chin, Ko-lin and Zhang, Sheldon
  In this article for the U.S. Department of State's National Institute of Justice, Drs. Chin and Zhang, both reknowned experts on issue of smuggling people from China to the U.S., bring new insight to the characteristics of Chinese human smugglers, known as snakeheads. Contrary to prevailing views, their research shows that neither smugglers nor the communities in which they work consider them criminals, but rather as providing a valuable service to their fellow citizens. Additionally, Chin and Zhang found no ties between the loosely affiliated networks of freelance smugglers that they interviewed and organized Chinese gangs, or triads, casting doubt on the idea that smuggling ventures are managed by a central leader overseeing a smuggling enterprise. Chin and Zhang also highlight that any smuggling networks, whether formal or informal, could not be as successful as they are without collusion from China's numerous corrupt public officials.
  www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/nij/204989.pdf - April 8, 2005

• Why Do They Leave Their Homes? , Mah, Karen
  This overview on the reasons behind Chinese illegal immigration to the U.S. provides insights from numerous experts on the subject, including Ko-lin Chin of Rutgers University, Paul J. Smith, author of Human Smuggling: Chinese Migrant Trafficking and the Challenge to America's Migration Tradition, and Peter Kwong, author of Forbidden Workers: Illegal Chinese Immigrants and American Labor. Among the reasons stated are immigrants' economic motivation, peer pressure, and increasing unemployment in China. The financial and emotional costs of illegal immigration are also discussed, including the hardships of immigrants' new lives in the U.S.
  usinfo.state.gov/eap/east_asia_pacific/chinese_human_smuggling/why_leave.html - April 8, 2005

          BACK TO TOP

• America's Role in Asia , Asia Foundation
  In January 2004, The Asia Foundation announced the launch of its "America's Role in Asia" project, a comprehensive assessment of U.S.-Asia relations. During a series of workshops in the first nine months of 2004, separate American and Asian working groups, each consisting of leading policymakers and scholars, will analyze the security, political, economic and social challenges facing the U.S. in Asia and recommend policy initiatives to the U.S. administration and Congress. This section includes papers submitted by participants on the Asian working group.
  www.asiafoundation.org/Publications/aria.html - November 30, 2004

• China's HIV/AIDS Crisis: Implications for Human Rights, the Rule of Law and U.S.-China Relations , Gill, Bates
  In this testimony for the Congressional-Executive Commission on China\'s Roundtable on HIV/AIDS, Dr. Bates Gill, the Freeman Chair in China Studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., provides an excellent overview of the history of HIV/AIDS in China from its initial outbreak through 2002. Dr. Gill delineates the role poor medical infrastructure and political leadership play in aggravating China\'s HIV/AIDS crisis, as well as the underlying social problems that help perpetrate it, endangering health and stability in China. Such problems include AIDS villages, AIDS orphans, the high cost of AIDS medications, \"bloodheads\", poor data collection methods, traditional obstacles that impede sex education, condom use, or dialogues about the gay community and men who have sex with men, son preference, the floating population (liudong renkou) and relaxed household registration (hukou) requirements, stigmatization, AIDS activists-cum-political dissidents, and generally inadequate funding and capacity. Dr. Gill also provides several recommendations for helping China manage its HIV/AIDS problems, with emphasis on the need for the United States to increase its funding of HIV/AIDS education and testing efforts in China.
  www.csis.org/hill/ts020909gill.pdf - February 28, 2005

          BACK TO TOP

• Political Economy of Europe, Japan and the U.S. , St. Olaf College
  Industrial societies must continually adjust their national economic policies to changing global conditions. The means by which governments marshal domestic social and economic forces for global competition differ greatly between interventionist and non-interventionist states. Through examination of other countries’ adjustment mechanisms we can acquire a new understanding of America’s place in the changing global economy.
  www.stolaf.edu/catalog/academicprogram/political-science.html - January 19, 2005

          BACK TO TOP

• The Roadmap to 2005: where do we want to go and how should we get there? , Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies
  "The Roadmap to 2005: Where Do We Want to Go and How Should We Get There? Workshop Report on the Nuclear, Non-Proliferation Treaty, Annecy, France, March 7-8, 2004." Authored by Center for NonproliferationÊStudies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, Monterey, California.
  cns.miis.edu/research/npt/pdf/annecy_final_report.pdf - March 8, 2003

          BACK TO TOP